20 Questions
Which type of organisms maintain a high and stable body temperature using internal heat?
Endotherms
What is the formula for power required to maintain a heated object at a set point temperature of 37 °C?
P = C(Tset – Ta)
What is the power when the air temperature is 37 °C?
Zero power
How does insulation affect the power required to maintain the set point temperature?
Decreases power
What is the minimum energy expenditure for endothermic homeotherms called?
Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
What is the equation for power in the physical model below the thermoneutral zone (TNZ)?
M = C(Tb – Ta)
What are the vasomotor responses that can change conductance in organisms?
Vasoconstriction and vasodilation
What is the term for the production of excess heat by non-synchronous muscle contractions?
Shivering
What is the term for the production of excess heat by futile cycles?
Non-shivering thermogenesis
What can be achieved by metabolic adjustment or changes in pelage (insulation) to tolerate cold?
Seasonal acclimatization
Which of the following processes is responsible for the production of excess heat by futile cycles in the mitochondria?
H+ leak across the inner mitochondrial membrane
Which type of fat is specialized for non-shivering thermogenesis?
Brown fat
What is the maximal conductance at and above the UCT (uncoupling thermogenesis) in terms of heat loads?
Both heat storage by increasing Tb and heat loss by evaporation
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of heat loss above the UCT?
Sweating
What is the main reason why fish are ectotherms?
They are surrounded by thermally-conductive water
Which of the following is NOT a reason for regional endothermy in fish?
Improvements in vision
What is responsible for retaining heat (and other things) in a small region in fish?
Rete mirabile
What is the elevated temperature of blue fin tuna red muscle compared to water temperature called?
Endothermia
How many separate occasions has regional endothermy evolved in bony fishes according to the text?
Three
What improvements does regional endothermy in fish provide according to the text?
Both improvements in power output of muscles and improvements in vision
Test your knowledge on endothermy and thermal regulation in organisms with this biology quiz. Learn about the differences between endotherms and ectotherms, as well as the mechanisms used by endotherms to maintain a high and stable body temperature.
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