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What is the main function of the liver?
What is the main function of the liver?
What is the function of the hepatocyte in the liver?
What is the function of the hepatocyte in the liver?
Which part of the liver is made of dense irregular connective tissue and covered by peritoneum?
Which part of the liver is made of dense irregular connective tissue and covered by peritoneum?
In which quadrant of the abdominal cavity is the liver located in most species?
In which quadrant of the abdominal cavity is the liver located in most species?
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What is the characteristic basophilia of acinous cells attributed to?
What is the characteristic basophilia of acinous cells attributed to?
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Which type of cells is responsible for secreting pancreatic enzymes?
Which type of cells is responsible for secreting pancreatic enzymes?
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What is the function of D cells in the endocrine pancreas?
What is the function of D cells in the endocrine pancreas?
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What type of ducts merge to form the intralobular ducts inside the pancreas?
What type of ducts merge to form the intralobular ducts inside the pancreas?
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What separates the islets of Langerhans from the exocrine tissue in the pancreas?
What separates the islets of Langerhans from the exocrine tissue in the pancreas?
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During periods of fasting, which cells are usually packed with zymogen granules?
During periods of fasting, which cells are usually packed with zymogen granules?
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What gives the apical pole of acinous cells a usually acidophilic appearance?
What gives the apical pole of acinous cells a usually acidophilic appearance?
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What types of fibers separate the islets of Langerhans from the exocrine tissue in the pancreas?
What types of fibers separate the islets of Langerhans from the exocrine tissue in the pancreas?
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What are the main functions of Kupffer cells in the liver?
What are the main functions of Kupffer cells in the liver?
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Which cell type provides structural support to the sinusoids in the liver and stores lipids and vitamin A?
Which cell type provides structural support to the sinusoids in the liver and stores lipids and vitamin A?
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What is the main function of foveolar cells in the liver?
What is the main function of foveolar cells in the liver?
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How does endothelial cells contribute to the liver's function?
How does endothelial cells contribute to the liver's function?
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Which type of blood vessels supply nutrient-rich blood to the liver?
Which type of blood vessels supply nutrient-rich blood to the liver?
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What is the color of the pancreas in the duodenum region?
What is the color of the pancreas in the duodenum region?
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Which part of the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes?
Which part of the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes?
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What surrounds the pancreatic parenchyma?
What surrounds the pancreatic parenchyma?
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What divides the pancreatic parenchyma into lobes and lobules?
What divides the pancreatic parenchyma into lobes and lobules?
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What is the structure of the exocrine pancreas?
What is the structure of the exocrine pancreas?
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What are the endocrine cells in the pancreas collectively referred to as?
What are the endocrine cells in the pancreas collectively referred to as?
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What is the main function of the endocrine pancreas?
What is the main function of the endocrine pancreas?
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Which type of cells reside within the sinusoids of the liver and are involved in phagocytosis and releasing cytokines?
Which type of cells reside within the sinusoids of the liver and are involved in phagocytosis and releasing cytokines?
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What is the main function of the perisinusoidal surface of hepatocytes?
What is the main function of the perisinusoidal surface of hepatocytes?
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What is the main function of trabeculae in the liver?
What is the main function of trabeculae in the liver?
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What type of cells form rows or cords with sinusoids in between within the liver lobules?
What type of cells form rows or cords with sinusoids in between within the liver lobules?
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What is the main function of endothelial cells in the liver sinusoids?
What is the main function of endothelial cells in the liver sinusoids?
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What is the characteristic feature of the lateral surface of hepatocytes?
What is the characteristic feature of the lateral surface of hepatocytes?
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Which organelles are found in hepatocytes and are responsible for lipid metabolism?
Which organelles are found in hepatocytes and are responsible for lipid metabolism?
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What structures divide the liver parenchyma into lobules?
What structures divide the liver parenchyma into lobules?
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Study Notes
- The liver is made up mainly of hepatocytes, organized into morphological units called hepatic lobules, divisible into contiguous hexagonal spaces called lobules (only clearly visible in pig liver).
- Trabeculae: branched connective tissue penetrating the liver, forming thin branches and dividing the liver parenchyma into lobules. Thickest in pork liver, making it tougher.
- Each lobule contains six portal spaces, located at angles and corners. Each portal space contains an arterial branch, venous branch, and a bile duct. divides the lobule into functional units.
- Hepatocytes: Polygonal cells (20-30 µm in diameter) forming rows (cords) with sinusoids in between. Two types of surfaces: Perisinusoidal surface and lateral surface.
- Perisinusoidal surface: microvilli facilitating exchange of materials, hepatocyte discharges endocrine secretions, and blood enters via membrane receptors.
- Lateral surface: Desmosomes, porous junctions, and labyrinthine intercellular spaces (bile canaliculi) that prevent leakage of bile.
- Hepatocytes contain various organelles: ribosomes, RER, Golgi complex, mitochondria, peroxisomes/microsomes, SER, and cytoplasmic inclusions (glycogen, lipids).
- Sinusoids: Discontinuous or continuous blood capillaries carrying blood from artery and portal vein to the central vein. Linings include endothelial cells and Kupffer cells.
- Endothelial cells: Smaller cells that line the sinusoids.
- Kupffer cells: Larger cells that reside within sinusoids, acting as part of the reticuloendothelial system, involved in phagocytosis and releasing cytokines.
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Description
Test your knowledge of the structure and function of endothelial cells and hepatocytes, including the unique features of the space of Disse and the variations in endothelial cell layers. Explore the differences between species and gain a deeper understanding of these important cellular components.
