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Questions and Answers
Questions and Answers
Which organ is responsible for the mechanical digestion of food?
Which organ is responsible for the mechanical digestion of food?
- Stomach (correct)
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Pancreas
Where does absorption of digestion products into the blood and lymph occur?
Where does absorption of digestion products into the blood and lymph occur?
- Pharynx
- Small intestine (correct)
- Esophagus
- Large intestine
Which region is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdominopelvic area?
Which region is located in the left upper quadrant of the abdominopelvic area?
- Hypogastric (pubic) region
- Right iliac (inguinal) region
- Right lumbar region
- Left hypochondriac region (correct)
What is the function of the salivary glands in the digestive system?
What is the function of the salivary glands in the digestive system?
What is the innermost layer of the digestive system?
What is the innermost layer of the digestive system?
What is the largest serous membrane of the body?
What is the largest serous membrane of the body?
What is the function of the mesentery?
What is the function of the mesentery?
What are the two types of omenta formed of visceral peritoneum?
What are the two types of omenta formed of visceral peritoneum?
What is the term for abdominal organs lying behind the peritoneum?
What is the term for abdominal organs lying behind the peritoneum?
What are the three paired salivary glands?
What are the three paired salivary glands?
What is the term for the inflammation of the peritoneum?
What is the term for the inflammation of the peritoneum?
What is the term for the primary dentition of teeth?
What is the term for the primary dentition of teeth?
What is the term for the secondary dentition of teeth?
What is the term for the secondary dentition of teeth?
What is the term for the folds formed in the stomach when empty to allow for expansion?
What is the term for the folds formed in the stomach when empty to allow for expansion?
What is the superficial layer of the digestive system?
What is the superficial layer of the digestive system?
What is the layer of the digestive system consisting of two layers of smooth muscle separated by a network of nerve cells?
What is the layer of the digestive system consisting of two layers of smooth muscle separated by a network of nerve cells?
Which cells in the stomach secrete HCl and intrinsic factor?
Which cells in the stomach secrete HCl and intrinsic factor?
What is the function of Brunner's glands in the duodenum?
What is the function of Brunner's glands in the duodenum?
What is the function of lacteals in the small intestine villi?
What is the function of lacteals in the small intestine villi?
Which hormone is secreted when chyme pH is too low?
Which hormone is secreted when chyme pH is too low?
Which cells secrete digestive enzymes destined for the duodenum?
Which cells secrete digestive enzymes destined for the duodenum?
What is the function of the liver's bile canaliculi?
What is the function of the liver's bile canaliculi?
Where is the gallbladder located?
Where is the gallbladder located?
What is the function of the teniae coli in the large intestine?
What is the function of the teniae coli in the large intestine?
What is the unique feature of the rectum?
What is the unique feature of the rectum?
Which blood vessel forms a portal system in the body?
Which blood vessel forms a portal system in the body?
Which artery supplies blood to the small and large intestine?
Which artery supplies blood to the small and large intestine?
What is the function of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas?
What is the function of the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas?
Questions and Answers
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Flashcards
Flashcards
Stomach
Stomach
The muscular organ responsible for churning and mixing food with gastric juices, initiating mechanical digestion.
Small intestine
Small intestine
The primary site for absorption of digested nutrients into the bloodstream and lymphatic system.
Left hypochondriac region
Left hypochondriac region
The region of the abdomen located in the upper left quadrant, just below the ribs.
Salivary glands
Salivary glands
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Mucosa
Mucosa
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Peritoneum
Peritoneum
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Mesentery
Mesentery
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Omenta
Omenta
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Retroperitoneal
Retroperitoneal
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Paired salivary glands
Paired salivary glands
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Peritonitis
Peritonitis
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Deciduous teeth
Deciduous teeth
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Permanent teeth
Permanent teeth
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Rugae
Rugae
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Serosa
Serosa
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Muscularis externa
Muscularis externa
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Parietal cells
Parietal cells
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Brunner's glands
Brunner's glands
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Lacteals
Lacteals
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Secretin
Secretin
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Acinar cells
Acinar cells
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Bile canaliculi
Bile canaliculi
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Gallbladder
Gallbladder
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Teniae coli
Teniae coli
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Rectum
Rectum
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Hepatic portal vein
Hepatic portal vein
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Superior mesenteric artery
Superior mesenteric artery
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Islets of Langerhans
Islets of Langerhans
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Study Notes
Study Notes
Anatomy and Histology of the Digestive System
- Mucosa is the innermost layer of the digestive system, with epithelium, lamina propria, and muscularis mucosae, and it varies in structure in different parts of the digestive tract.
- The submucosa is an areolar connective tissue layer containing blood and lymphatic vessels and a network of nerve cells.
- The muscularis externa consists of two layers of smooth muscle separated by a network of nerve cells, forming the enteric nervous system.
- The serosa (or adventitia) is the superficial layer of the digestive system, and the largest serous membrane of the body is the peritoneum, which lines the abdominopelvic cavity and most of the organs.
- The mesentery is a fused, double-layer sheet of parietal peritoneum that binds organs to the abdominal cavity wall and helps hold them in place.
- The omenta are mesenteries formed of visceral peritoneum, including the greater omentum and the lesser omentum.
- Some abdominal organs are retroperitoneal, lying behind the peritoneum, and the inflammation of the peritoneum is called peritonitis.
- The oral cavity is lined by mucus membrane and contains structures such as the lips, cheeks, palate, tongue, and teeth.
- The teeth are classified into primary dentition (deciduous) and secondary dentition (permanent), each with different numbers of teeth and types of enamel.
- There are three paired salivary glands: parotid, submandibular, and sublingual, each secreting different types of saliva.
- The pharynx has a similar histology to the oral cavity and is connected to skeletal muscle.
- The stomach has distinct regions, unique histology in its muscularis externa, and forms folds (rugae) when empty to allow for expansion without tearing.
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