Endoplasmic Reticulum Functions
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Questions and Answers

What is the main focus of physiology?

  • Analyzing the genetic makeup of cells
  • Studying the function of the living organism and its parts (correct)
  • Exploring the chemical composition of the human body
  • Understanding the structure of living organisms

Which of the following best describes pathophysiology?

  • The study of psychological processes in the body
  • The study of disease or disordered body function (correct)
  • The study of physical therapy techniques
  • The study of healthy body function

In terms of organization, what comes after tissues in the human body?

  • Physiological processes
  • Cellular structures
  • Organs (correct)
  • Organ systems

What is the approximate number of cells in the human body?

<p>~100 trillion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which atoms make up approximately 96% of the total body chemistry?

<p>H, O, C, N (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes human physiology from general physiology?

<p>Human physiology explains characteristics unique to humans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of secondary active transport antiport?

<p>Counter-transport of calcium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves the help of ATP to move substances into or out of cells 'in bulk' without crossing the plasma membrane directly?

<p>Vesicular transport (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In vesicular transport, what type of vesicular transport is involved in actively secreting hormones, mucus, cell products, or ejecting cellular wastes?

<p>Exocytosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Sodium-Glucose co-transporters?

<p>Carrying two different ions in the same direction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is described as taking up extracellular substances by enclosing them in a vesicle?

<p>Endocytosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mitochondria?

<p>Extraction of energy from nutrients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is responsible for lipid synthesis in the cell?

<p>Endoplasmic reticulum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the space inside the tubules of the endoplasmic reticulum called?

<p>Endoplasmic matrix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organelle is often referred to as the 'Control Center' of the cell?

<p>Nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'selective permeability' refer to in relation to the plasma membrane?

<p>Barrier allows some substances to pass while excluding others (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are newly synthesized proteins extruded into according to the text?

<p>Endoplasmic reticulum matrix (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What measurements were taken after subjects imagined themselves doing dumbbell curls?

<p>Blood pressure measurements (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term is used for responses made after a change has been detected?

<p>Feedback (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were the results regarding respiration rate and volume of breath after imagery?

<p>They were significantly higher compared to baseline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the response made in anticipation of a change called?

<p>Feedforward (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Primary Active Transport?

<p>It requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is pumped outward through the cell membrane by the Na+-K+ pump?

<p>Sodium ions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the important roles of Primary Active Transport involving the Na+-K+ pump?

<p>Establishing concentration gradients critical for nerve and muscle cell function (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In Secondary Active Transport, how is the energy used in the process different from Primary Active Transport?

<p>Energy is not directly used to power transport across gradients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of transport helps regulate cell volume by controlling solute concentrations inside the cell?

<p>Active Transport (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What serves as the indirect energy source for Secondary Active Transport?

<p>Energy used by Primary Active Transport processes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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