12 Questions
What is the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in an animal cell?
Protein modification and quality control
Which structure within the ER plays a key role in transferring preformed precursor oligosaccharides to proteins?
Membrane-bound oligosaccharide transferase
What is the role of N-glycosylation in the ER related to protein folding?
Preventing folding intermediates from aggregating
Which proteins in the ER bind to oligosaccharides on folding intermediates to help with correct protein folding?
Calnexin and calreticulin
What distinguishes folding intermediates from mis-folded proteins in the ER during protein processing?
N-glycans acting as timers
Which process in the ER involves the covalent addition of oligosaccharides to proteins?
Glycosylation
What is the significance of trimming a mannose on the core Nglycan of a protein?
Marks the protein for degradation
Why do proteins that fold and exit the ER faster than mannose trimming occur avoid degradation?
They are recognized by chaperones for proper folding
What role do Glucosyltransferases play in the ER quality control process?
Add glucose to oligosaccharides that have lost their final glucose but not properly folded
What is the main function of calnexin and calreticulin in recognizing N-linked glycans?
Recognize N-linked glycans with a single terminal glucose
How does the unfolded protein response (UPR) get triggered in the ER?
Activation of ER membrane proteins by misfolded proteins
What is the role of PERK in the unfolded protein response (UPR)?
Phosphorylating and inhibiting translation initiation factor to reduce new protein production
Explore the roles of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) in a cell, focusing on protein modification, quality control, lipid and protein biosynthesis, and calcium storage. Learn about the structure and functions of ER as a crucial organelle in an animal cell.
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