Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the endocytic pathways involves the ingestion of large particles or microorganisms and is performed mainly by specialized cells?
Which of the endocytic pathways involves the ingestion of large particles or microorganisms and is performed mainly by specialized cells?
- phagocytosis (correct)
- pinocytosis
- exocytosis
- receptor-mediated endocytosis
Nuclear pores restrict larger molecules from traversing the membrane due to their
Nuclear pores restrict larger molecules from traversing the membrane due to their
- interwoven meshwork of protein fibrils. (correct)
- very small pore size.
- hydrophobic interior.
- double membrane.
Which of the following is a covalent modification that occurs mainly in the ER?
Which of the following is a covalent modification that occurs mainly in the ER?
- formation of disulfide bonds (correct)
- addition of phosphate groups
- maturation of oligosaccharide chains
- methylation of side chains
Fully folded proteins can be transported into which of the following organelles?
Fully folded proteins can be transported into which of the following organelles?
Lysosomes contain ____________ enzymes that can break down diverse macromolecules, cell parts, and microorganisms.
Lysosomes contain ____________ enzymes that can break down diverse macromolecules, cell parts, and microorganisms.
How do clathrin-coated vesicles select their cargo molecules?
How do clathrin-coated vesicles select their cargo molecules?
Which of the following organelles is the site of steroid hormone synthesis in endocrine cells?
Which of the following organelles is the site of steroid hormone synthesis in endocrine cells?
How are misfolded proteins and incompletely assembled proteins retained in the ER?
How are misfolded proteins and incompletely assembled proteins retained in the ER?
Proteins encoded by nuclear genes and destined for the mitochondrial matrix are
Proteins encoded by nuclear genes and destined for the mitochondrial matrix are
In which process do Rab proteins function?
In which process do Rab proteins function?
Study Notes
Endocytosis
- Phagocytosis involves the ingestion of large particles or microorganisms and is performed mainly by specialized cells.
Nuclear Transport
- Nuclear pores restrict larger molecules from traversing the membrane due to their size.
Protein Modification
- In the ER, a covalent modification that occurs is the addition of carbohydrates to proteins, a process known as N-linked glycosylation.
Protein Transport
- Fully folded proteins can be transported into the Golgi apparatus.
Lysosomal Function
- Lysosomes contain acidic enzymes that can break down diverse macromolecules, cell parts, and microorganisms.
Clathrin-Coated Vesicles
- Clathrin-coated vesicles select their cargo molecules through specific receptor-ligand interactions.
Steroid Hormone Synthesis
- The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of steroid hormone synthesis in endocrine cells.
Protein Quality Control
- Misfolded proteins and incompletely assembled proteins are retained in the ER by chaperone proteins.
Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis
- Proteins encoded by nuclear genes and destined for the mitochondrial matrix are transported into the mitochondrial matrix through a process involving molecular chaperones and the translocase of the outer membrane.
Rab Protein Function
- Rab proteins function in vesicular transport, particularly in the docking and fusion of vesicles with target membranes.
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