Endocrine System: Receptors and Signal Transmission
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Questions and Answers

What is one location where different types of hormones can bind for their actions to initiate?

  • On the surface of the cell membrane (correct)
  • Inside the mitochondria
  • In the cytoplasm
  • In the nucleus

Which type of effect among hormones involves one hormone enhancing the responsiveness of a target organ to another hormone?

  • Antagonistic effects
  • Synergistic effects
  • Additive effects
  • Permissive effect (correct)

Which term describes the mechanism in which one hormone opposes the effects of another hormone?

  • Permissive effect
  • Complementary effects
  • Synergistic effects
  • Antagonist effects (correct)

What is one of the roles of hormones in the endocrine system?

<p>Enhance or inhibit functions of the target organs or glands (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In hormonal action, what is the first step that hormones need to take at the target cell?

<p>Bind to specific receptors at the target cell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of effect involves two hormones acting on different stages of a physiological procedure?

<p>Complementary effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the physiological effect of growth hormone on protein metabolism?

<p>Increase rate of protein synthesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following tissues is NOT stimulated for growth by growth hormone?

<p>Pancreas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of hypersecretion of growth hormone during adulthood?

<p>Acromegaly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hormones regulate the concentration of second messengers in the cytoplasm?

<p>Peptide hormones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do hydrophilic hormones bind their receptors?

<p>Cell membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone acts as a mediator in the liver for the growth hormone effect?

<p>Somatomedins (insulin-like growth factor) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of growth hormone on fat metabolism?

<p>Cause release of fatty acids from adipose tissue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main site of action for steroid hormones?

<p>Nucleus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does growth hormone affect RNA translation and nuclear transcription?

<p>Enhances RNA translation and transcription (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which pituitary hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol?

<p>ACTH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of vasopressin and oxytocin?

<p>Control water balance and uterine contractions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormones act mainly on the genetic machinery of the cell?

<p>Steroid hormones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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