Hypothalamus

Gastrin

To control the functions of other endocrine glands

It stimulates body cells to grow and reproduce

Producing T cells for the immune system

Pituitary gland

In the brain

It is harmful to the body

Serving as an endocrine gland

To maintain homeostasis

Secretin

Producing hormones that regulate the body's stress response

To regulate carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism, and to have an anti-inflammatory effect

Addison's disease

To regulate electrolyte and water balance by promoting sodium retention and potassium excretion

To increase heart rate, breathing rate, and blood pressure in response to stress

To promote the development of secondary sex characteristics in males

Shock

They dilate

Lack of iodine in the diet

Testosterone

It speeds it up

Slows down metabolism

To promote growth and development of female sex organs

Rapid heartbeat

To ensure adequate iodine intake

It triggers a drop in heart rate

Painful cysts

Increases appetite

Fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance

Adrenal glands = Located on the tops of the kidneys, these glands produce steroid hormones such as corticosterone, which helps regulate the body's stress response and maintain homeostasis. Pituitary gland = Is a small bean-shaped gland at the base of the brain. It controls the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ovaries and testicles by secreting hormones that signal those glands to also produce hormones. Hypothalamus = Is a small gland in the brain located near the pituitary gland. It collects information from virtually all other areas of the central nervous system, and in response it releases hormones that tell the pituitary gland which hormones to send out to other glands. Thyroid gland = is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck. It controls the metabolic activity of all cells.

Parathyroid glands = These four small glands are located behind the thyroid, like spots on a butterfly's wings. They monitor and regulate calcium levels. Pancreas = is a long, flat organ that sits just behind the stomach. It produces insulin, which allows muscles and tissues to absorb sugar in the bloodstream, and glucagon, which releases sugars from fat to raise blood sugar levels. Ovaries = They are the primary female reproductive organs, producing reproductive hormones called estrogen and progesterone, and some lesser hormones called relaxin and inhibin. Testes = the male reproductive organs, which are contained in sacs of skin called the scrotum. They produce hormones called androgens, which control the male reproductive system. The most well-known androgen is testosterone.

Pancreas = secretes digestive enzymes called pancreatic juice. Thymus = produces thymosins which Affects production and differentiation of T-cells (lymphocytes) Adrenal glands = makes adrenaline so the body can respond to emergency situations. Hormones = regulate growth, development, mood, tissue function, metabolism, and sexual function.

Goiter = The most common cause of this disease is a lack of iodine in the diet. Hypothyroidism = a common condition where the thyroid doesn't create and release enough thyroid hormone into your bloodstream. This makes your metabolism slow down. Hyperthyroidism, = is a condition where your thyroid makes and releases high levels of thyroid hormone. This condition can make your metabolism speed up. Grave’s Disease = a common cause of Hyperthyroidism, which causes enlargement of the thyroid and other symptoms.

Basedow's disease = occurs when the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, known as hyperthyroidism Hashimoto’s disease = is an autoimmune disorder that can cause hypothyroidism, or underactive thyroid Myxedema = another term for severely advanced hypothyroidism. It's a condition that occurs when your body doesn't produce enough thyroid hormone. Cretinism = a severe deficiency of thyroid hormone in newborns. It causes impaired neurological function, stunted growth, and physical deformities

Hyperparathyroidism = a condition in which one or more of your parathyroid glands become overactive and release (secrete) too much parathyroid hormone (PTH). Hypoparathyroidism = an uncommon condition in which your body produces abnormally low levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH is key to regulating and maintaining a balance of two minerals in your body — calcium and phosphorus. Parathyroid cancer = a rare disease in which malignant cells form in the tissues of a parathyroid gland. Signs and symptoms of parathyroid cancer include weakness, feeling tired, and a lump in the neck.

Chronic pancreatitis = inflammation of the pancreas that does not heal or improve. eventually impairs a patient's ability to digest food and make pancreatic hormones. Acute pancreatitis = a condition where the pancreas becomes inflamed (swollen) over a short period of time. Cushing’s syndrome = is a serious condition of an excess of the steroid hormone cortisol in the blood level caused by a pituitary tumor secreting adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Addison’s disease = also called adrenal insufficiency, is an uncommon disorder that occurs when your body doesn't produce enough of certain hormones.

Diabetes insipidus = an uncommon disorder that causes an imbalance of fluids in the body. This imbalance leads you to produce large amounts of urine. It also makes you very thirsty even if you have something to drink. Diabetes mellitus = is a disorder in which the body does not produce enough or respond normally to insulin, causing blood sugar (glucose) levels to be abnormally high.

=