Endocrine System Quiz: Hormones and Cells
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Questions and Answers

Which hormone excess secretion is associated with type I diabetes like metabolic disturbance?

  • PL (correct)
  • ACTH
  • FSH
  • GH
  • Which of the following is NOT a true statement concerning the thyroid parafollicular cells?

  • Their cytoplasm contains numerous granules with calcitonin
  • Transport iodide from blood into their cytoplasm and into the colloid
  • Secret a physiological antagonist to parathyroid (correct)
  • Lowers blood Ca2+ levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity
  • What is the major stimulus for aldosterone synthase?

  • CRH
  • Reduced Na in blood
  • Increase K+ in blood (correct)
  • ANP
  • What is the function of peristalsis in the small intestine?

    <p>Involves contraction of circular smooth muscle behind the food bolus and relaxation of circular smooth muscle in front of the bolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not true about the Neck of Pancreas?

    <p>It is a site for the storage of bile.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which of the following divisional stages is the oocyte in the picture?

    <p>Metaphase, meiosis I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true of podocytes?

    <p>Instrumental in contraction of glomerular capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is primarily responsible for the symptoms experienced by the 42-year-old female in the ER?

    <p>The organ that develops from an endodermal outgrowth from the foregut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would most likely be seen in primary hyperthyroidism?

    <p>High T3, T4 and low TSH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does relaxation of circular and longitudinal smooth muscle simultaneously throughout the small intestine involve?

    <p>Segmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Additional folds of peritoneum connect the liver to all of the following, except:

    <p>The diaphragm (hepatoduodenal ligament)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct diagnosis for the patient in the first scenario?

    <p>Metabolic acidosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following responses would also be expected to occur in the patient in the second scenario?

    <p>Increased ratio of H2PO4– to HPO4–2 in urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the major consequence of successful treatment with cimetidine for a duodenal ulcer?

    <p>Decreased gastric acid secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect do decreased blood [K+] and a normal anion gap have in the first scenario?

    <p>Suggest metabolic alkalosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the site of Na+–bile acid cotransport?

    <p>Ileum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient with Zollinger–Ellison syndrome would be expected to have which of the following changes?

    <p>Peptic ulcer disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The kidneys are:

    <p>Retroperitoneal and exocrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelium lines the prostatic urethra?

    <p>Stratified squamous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Blood levels of which of the following substances is decreased in Graves’ disease?

    <p>Thyroxine (T4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The basis for cimetidine’s inhibition of gastric H+ secretion is that it:

    <p>Blocks H2 receptors on parietal cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Inhibin, a hormone that inhibits synthesis and release of FSH, is secreted by:

    <p>Sertoli cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A 46-year-old woman has hirsutism, hyperglycemia, obesity, muscle wasting, and increased circulating levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). The most likely cause of her symptoms is:

    <p>Primary overproduction of ACTH (Cushing’s disease)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of the following does not occur during swallowing?

    <p>The vestibular folds move medially</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A 41-year-old woman has hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and decreased urinary phosphate excretion. Injection of parathyroid hormone (PTH) causes an increase in urinary cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). The most likely diagnosis is:

    <p>Primary hyperparathyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Propylthiouracil can be used to reduce the synthesis of thyroid hormones in hyperthyroidism because it inhibits oxidation of:

    <p>Thyroxine (T4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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