Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of hormone signaling occurs when a cell secretes hormone molecules that bind to its own receptors?
Which type of hormone signaling occurs when a cell secretes hormone molecules that bind to its own receptors?
- Endocrine signaling
- Autocrine signaling (correct)
- Neurocrine signaling
- Paracrine signaling
In which type of hormone signaling are hormone molecules secreted into the extracellular space and interact with nearby cells' receptors?
In which type of hormone signaling are hormone molecules secreted into the extracellular space and interact with nearby cells' receptors?
- Autocrine signaling
- Endocrine signaling
- Neurocrine signaling
- Paracrine signaling (correct)
Which type of hormone signaling is the most commonly known form of hormone signalling?
Which type of hormone signaling is the most commonly known form of hormone signalling?
- Paracrine signaling
- Endocrine signaling (correct)
- Neurocrine signaling
- Autocrine signaling
What happens in neurocrine signaling?
What happens in neurocrine signaling?
Why do hydrophobic hormones need to be bound to a carrier protein?
Why do hydrophobic hormones need to be bound to a carrier protein?
How do non-lipid soluble (NLS) hormones exist in the bloodstream?
How do non-lipid soluble (NLS) hormones exist in the bloodstream?
What are hormones?
What are hormones?
Which glands are part of the endocrine system?
Which glands are part of the endocrine system?
Where are receptors for nonlipid soluble (NLS) hormones located?
Where are receptors for nonlipid soluble (NLS) hormones located?
Why do lipid-soluble (LS) hormones have receptors in the cytosol or nucleus?
Why do lipid-soluble (LS) hormones have receptors in the cytosol or nucleus?
What is the function of the endocrine system?
What is the function of the endocrine system?
Where do hormones diffuse before being transported to different parts of the body?
Where do hormones diffuse before being transported to different parts of the body?
Study Notes
Endocrine System Signaling
- The endocrine system uses 4 types of hormone signaling: autocrine, paracrine, endocrine, and neurocrine signaling.
- Autocrine signaling: cells secrete hormone molecules that bind to their own receptors.
- Paracrine signaling: hormone molecules are secreted into the extracellular space and interact with nearby cells' receptors.
- Endocrine signaling: secreted hormones diffuse into lymph vessels or the bloodstream and can reach distant tissues in the body.
- Neurocrine signaling: nerves secrete chemical neurotransmitters into the extracellular space, which can then diffuse into the bloodstream and interact with different tissues.
Hormone Characteristics
- Lipid-soluble (LS) hormones have a hydrophobic nature and must be bound to a carrier protein to be soluble in the bloodstream.
- Non-lipid-soluble (NLS) hormones have a hydrophilic nature and exist in the bloodstream in an equilibrium between their free and carrier-bound state.
Endocrine System Overview
- The endocrine system (also called the hormonal system) consists of glands that release different hormones.
- The endocrine system includes the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands.
- Hormones are molecules produced by the endocrine system that send messages to various parts of the body.
- Hormones help regulate bodily functions including metabolism, reproduction, growth, and mood.
Hormone Secretion and Transport
- The endocrine system releases very low concentrations of hormones from secretory cells into the extracellular space.
- Hormones diffuse from the extracellular space into the bloodstream, where they are transported to all parts of the body.
- Hormones interact with specific ligand receptors, which are located in the plasma membrane, cytosol, or nucleus depending on the nature of the hormone.
- Receptors for NLS hormones are located at the plasma membrane, while receptors for LS hormones are located in the cytosol or nucleus.
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Description
Learn about the hormonal system, also known as the endocrine system, which consists of various glands that release hormones to regulate bodily functions like metabolism, reproduction, growth, and mood. Explore the concepts of hormone secretion and how messages are sent to different parts of the body.
