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Questions and Answers
Hormones can be classified as either:
Hormones can be classified as either:
- Protein or nonprotein
- Steroid or nonsteroid (correct)
- Cortisol or glycoprotein
- Steroid or cortisol
In the endocrine system, secreting cells send hormones to signal specific:
In the endocrine system, secreting cells send hormones to signal specific:
- Effector cells
- Target organ cells (correct)
- Neurons
- Basal cells
The control of hormonal secretion is usually part of a:
The control of hormonal secretion is usually part of a:
- Endocrine reflex
- Negative feedback loop (correct)
- Endocrine feedback loop
- Positive feedback loop
Known as tissue hormones, these substances play an important role in communication and the control of many body functions:
Known as tissue hormones, these substances play an important role in communication and the control of many body functions:
The pituitary gland is really two glands. They are the:
The pituitary gland is really two glands. They are the:
The formation and activity of the corpus luteum is a result of the secretion of which hormone?
The formation and activity of the corpus luteum is a result of the secretion of which hormone?
The hormone that stimulates breast development necessary for eventual lactation is:
The hormone that stimulates breast development necessary for eventual lactation is:
Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are stored and released by the:
Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are stored and released by the:
Corticoids are hormones secreted by the:
Corticoids are hormones secreted by the:
The process stimulated by glucocorticoids that converts amino acids to glucose is called:
The process stimulated by glucocorticoids that converts amino acids to glucose is called:
The portion of the adrenal gland that secretes the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine is the:
The portion of the adrenal gland that secretes the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine is the:
The part of the brain that plays a dominant role in the regulation of many body functions such as body temperature, appetite, and thirst is the:
The part of the brain that plays a dominant role in the regulation of many body functions such as body temperature, appetite, and thirst is the:
The body's internal clock is supported by the:
The body's internal clock is supported by the:
Insulin and glucagons are antagonists because:
Insulin and glucagons are antagonists because:
This hormone secreted by the thyroid gland increases calcium storage in bone:
This hormone secreted by the thyroid gland increases calcium storage in bone:
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Study Notes
Hormone Classification
- Hormones are classified mainly as steroid or nonsteroid types, influencing their mechanisms of action in the body.
Target Cells
- In the endocrine system, hormones are sent by secreting cells to specific target organ cells for signaling purposes.
Hormonal Regulation
- The secretion of hormones is primarily regulated through negative feedback loops, which help maintain homeostasis.
Tissue Hormones
- Prostaglandins, known as tissue hormones, are crucial for communication and regulation of various bodily functions.
Pituitary Gland Structure
- The pituitary gland consists of two parts: adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) and neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary).
Corpus Luteum Formation
- Luteinizing hormone is responsible for the formation and activity of the corpus luteum in the female reproductive cycle.
Lactation Hormone
- Prolactin is essential for stimulating breast development necessary for lactation.
Storage and Release of Hormones
- Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are stored and released by the posterior pituitary gland.
Corticoids
- Corticoids, including glucocorticoids, are hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex, impacting metabolism and stress responses.
Gluconeogenesis
- Gluconeogenesis is the process stimulated by glucocorticoids that converts amino acids into glucose for energy.
Adrenal Gland Functions
- The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine, critical for the body's fight-or-flight response.
Hypothalamus Role
- The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating body functions such as temperature, appetite, and thirst.
Pineal Gland Function
- The pineal gland supports the body’s internal clock by regulating melatonin production and circadian rhythms.
Insulin and Glucagon
- Insulin and glucagon function as antagonists; insulin decreases blood glucose levels while glucagon increases them.
Thyroid Gland and Calcium Regulation
- Calcitonin, secreted by the thyroid gland, helps increase calcium storage in bones, playing a vital role in calcium homeostasis.
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