Questions and Answers
Hormones can be classified as either:
In the endocrine system, secreting cells send hormones to signal specific:
The control of hormonal secretion is usually part of a:
Known as tissue hormones, these substances play an important role in communication and the control of many body functions:
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The pituitary gland is really two glands. They are the:
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The formation and activity of the corpus luteum is a result of the secretion of which hormone?
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The hormone that stimulates breast development necessary for eventual lactation is:
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Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are stored and released by the:
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Corticoids are hormones secreted by the:
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The process stimulated by glucocorticoids that converts amino acids to glucose is called:
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The portion of the adrenal gland that secretes the hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine is the:
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The part of the brain that plays a dominant role in the regulation of many body functions such as body temperature, appetite, and thirst is the:
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The body's internal clock is supported by the:
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Insulin and glucagons are antagonists because:
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This hormone secreted by the thyroid gland increases calcium storage in bone:
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Study Notes
Hormone Classification
- Hormones are classified mainly as steroid or nonsteroid types, influencing their mechanisms of action in the body.
Target Cells
- In the endocrine system, hormones are sent by secreting cells to specific target organ cells for signaling purposes.
Hormonal Regulation
- The secretion of hormones is primarily regulated through negative feedback loops, which help maintain homeostasis.
Tissue Hormones
- Prostaglandins, known as tissue hormones, are crucial for communication and regulation of various bodily functions.
Pituitary Gland Structure
- The pituitary gland consists of two parts: adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) and neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary).
Corpus Luteum Formation
- Luteinizing hormone is responsible for the formation and activity of the corpus luteum in the female reproductive cycle.
Lactation Hormone
- Prolactin is essential for stimulating breast development necessary for lactation.
Storage and Release of Hormones
- Antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin are stored and released by the posterior pituitary gland.
Corticoids
- Corticoids, including glucocorticoids, are hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex, impacting metabolism and stress responses.
Gluconeogenesis
- Gluconeogenesis is the process stimulated by glucocorticoids that converts amino acids into glucose for energy.
Adrenal Gland Functions
- The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine, critical for the body's fight-or-flight response.
Hypothalamus Role
- The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in regulating body functions such as temperature, appetite, and thirst.
Pineal Gland Function
- The pineal gland supports the body’s internal clock by regulating melatonin production and circadian rhythms.
Insulin and Glucagon
- Insulin and glucagon function as antagonists; insulin decreases blood glucose levels while glucagon increases them.
Thyroid Gland and Calcium Regulation
- Calcitonin, secreted by the thyroid gland, helps increase calcium storage in bones, playing a vital role in calcium homeostasis.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the Endocrine System with these flashcards from Chapter 11. Learn about hormone classifications and how they interact with target organs. Perfect for students preparing for exams in biology or health sciences.
