Endocrine System Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

Which hormone is produced by the Pituitary Gland?

Testosterone

Growth Hormone (GH) (correct)

Melatonin

Epinephrine

What does Growth Hormone (GH) do?

Stimulates Growth

What is the function of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)?

Regulates Adrenal cortex

What does Luteinizing Hormone (LH) regulate?

Sex Hormone Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)?

Produce eggs and sperm Signup and view all the answers

What does Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) do?

Retains water in kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Prolactin (PRL)?

Maintains milk production Signup and view all the answers

What role does Oxytocin play in the body?

Contractions Signup and view all the answers

Which hormones are associated with the Thyroid?

T3 & T4 Signup and view all the answers

What does T3 & T4 regulate?

Energy Signup and view all the answers

What does Calcitonin do?

Calcium from bones Signup and view all the answers

Which hormones are produced by the Adrenal Gland?

Aldosterone Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Epinephrine?

Increases heart rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Aldosterone?

Maintain blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What does Cortisol do?

Breakdown of fat and protein Signup and view all the answers

What function does the Sex Hormone have?

Male, female function Signup and view all the answers

What role do Testes play in male development?

Testosterone Signup and view all the answers

What does the Pineal Gland secrete?

Melatonin Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)?

Regulates blood calcium levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Thymus?

Thymosins (immune functions) Signup and view all the answers

What hormones are produced by the Pancreas?

Glucagon Signup and view all the answers

What does Insulin do?

Regulates blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

What role does Glucagon play?

(Alpha cells) raises blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Ovaries?

Estrogen (female development) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pituitary Gland

Secretes key hormones: Growth Hormone (GH), Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH), Prolactin (PRL), and Oxytocin.
Growth Hormone (GH) stimulates overall growth.
ACTH regulates the activity of the adrenal cortex.
LH is responsible for controlling sex hormone release.
FSH promotes the production of eggs in females and sperm in males.
ADH helps in retaining water in the kidneys to regulate hydration.
Prolactin (PRL) is essential for milk production.
Oxytocin triggers uterine contractions during childbirth.

Thyroid

Produces hormones T3 and T4, crucial for energy metabolism.
Calcitonin helps regulate calcium levels by lowering blood calcium from bones.

Adrenal Gland

Releases hormones such as Epinephrine, Aldosterone, Cortisol, and Sex Hormones.
Epinephrine increases heart rate and prepares the body for fight-or-flight responses.
Aldosterone regulates sodium and potassium balance to maintain blood pressure.
Cortisol assists in the breakdown of fats and proteins for energy.
Sex Hormones are vital for male and female reproductive functions.

Testes

Produce Testosterone, which is essential for male development and reproductive functions.

Pineal Gland

Secretes Melatonin, which regulates sleep cycles and circadian rhythms.

Parathyroid Gland

Produces Parathyroid Hormone (PTH), essential for regulating blood calcium levels.

Thymus

Produces Thymosins that are important for immune system functions.

Pancreas

Produces Insulin and Glucagon to regulate blood glucose levels.
Insulin lowers blood glucose, facilitating cellular uptake.
Glucagon (from alpha cells) raises blood glucose levels when necessary.

Ovaries

Produce Estrogen, which is crucial for female development and reproductive health.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the endocrine system with these flashcards. Focus on key hormones and their functions, including various glands and their roles in the body's hormonal regulation. Ideal for students looking to ace their biology exams.