Endocrine System Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex?

  • Calcitonin
  • Cortisol (correct)
  • Epinephrine
  • Norepinephrine

What is the main function of the parathyroid gland?

  • Promote insulin secretion from the pancreas
  • Stimulate calcium release into the blood (correct)
  • Inhibit calcium absorption in the intestines
  • Increase sodium reabsorption in the kidneys

What happens in cases of diabetes insipidus?

  • Excessive blood glucose levels
  • Decreased thirst due to low sodium levels
  • Excessive water reabsorption in the kidneys
  • Insufficient ADH secretion (correct)

Which gland is considered the master gland of the endocrine system?

<p>Pituitary gland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of low calcium levels on parathyroid function?

<p>Stimulates release of parathyroid hormone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between T3 and T4 hormones?

<p>The number of iodine atoms attached (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is the main drug used to treat hyperthyroidism?

<p>Thiamazole (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended management for hypoglycemia in a diabetic patient?

<p>Administer glucagon for severe hypoglycemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the classic symptoms of type 1 diabetes?

<p>Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main treatment for pheochromocytoma?

<p>Surgical removal of the tumor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes hyperparathyroidism?

<p>Tumor, neck trauma, vitamin D deficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?

<p>Polydipsia, polyuria, fruity breath (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action in case of insulin shock?

<p>Administer sugar such as ½ orange juice or hard candy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Kussmaul respirations associated with?

<p>Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary hormone involved in diabetes mellitus?

<p>Insulin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is used for the treatment of Cushing's syndrome?

<p>Glucocorticoids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the long-acting duration of Glipizide?

<p>24 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can cause hypoglycemia in non-diabetic individuals?

<p>Gastrectomy and surgical bypass (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between T3 and T4 hormones?

<p>T3 is more potent than T4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex?

<p>Cortisol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes hyperparathyroidism?

<p>High calcium level (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in cases of diabetes insipidus?

<p>Insufficient ADH secretion or absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are Kussmaul respirations associated with?

<p>Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action in case of insulin shock?

<p>Providing high-sugar food or drink (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the classic symptoms of type 1 diabetes?

<p>Polyphagia, polyuria, polydipsia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main treatment for pheochromocytoma?

<p>Beta-blockers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of low calcium levels on parathyroid function?

<p>Stimulates release of the parathyroid hormone. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the long-acting duration of Glipizide?

<p>24 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is used for the treatment of Cushing's syndrome?

<p>Metyrapone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is the main drug used to treat hyperthyroidism?

<p>Propylthiouracil (PTU) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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