Endocrine System Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex?

  • Calcitonin
  • Cortisol (correct)
  • Epinephrine
  • Norepinephrine

    • What is the main function of the parathyroid gland?

  • Promote insulin secretion from the pancreas
  • Stimulate calcium release into the blood (correct)
  • Inhibit calcium absorption in the intestines
  • Increase sodium reabsorption in the kidneys

    • What happens in cases of diabetes insipidus?

  • Excessive blood glucose levels
  • Decreased thirst due to low sodium levels
  • Excessive water reabsorption in the kidneys
  • Insufficient ADH secretion (correct)

    • Which gland is considered the master gland of the endocrine system?

    <p>Pituitary gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of low calcium levels on parathyroid function?

    <p>Stimulates release of parathyroid hormone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between T3 and T4 hormones?

    <p>The number of iodine atoms attached</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is the main drug used to treat hyperthyroidism?

    <p>Thiamazole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended management for hypoglycemia in a diabetic patient?

    <p>Administer glucagon for severe hypoglycemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the classic symptoms of type 1 diabetes?

    <p>Polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment for pheochromocytoma?

    <p>Surgical removal of the tumor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>Tumor, neck trauma, vitamin D deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?

    <p>Polydipsia, polyuria, fruity breath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action in case of insulin shock?

    <p>Administer sugar such as ½ orange juice or hard candy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Kussmaul respirations associated with?

    <p>Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary hormone involved in diabetes mellitus?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is used for the treatment of Cushing's syndrome?

    <p>Glucocorticoids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the long-acting duration of Glipizide?

    <p>24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause hypoglycemia in non-diabetic individuals?

    <p>Gastrectomy and surgical bypass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between T3 and T4 hormones?

    <p>T3 is more potent than T4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary glucocorticoid released by the adrenal cortex?

    <p>Cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes hyperparathyroidism?

    <p>High calcium level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in cases of diabetes insipidus?

    <p>Insufficient ADH secretion or absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Kussmaul respirations associated with?

    <p>Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action in case of insulin shock?

    <p>Providing high-sugar food or drink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the classic symptoms of type 1 diabetes?

    <p>Polyphagia, polyuria, polydipsia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main treatment for pheochromocytoma?

    <p>Beta-blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of low calcium levels on parathyroid function?

    <p>Stimulates release of the parathyroid hormone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the long-acting duration of Glipizide?

    <p>24 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is used for the treatment of Cushing's syndrome?

    <p>Metyrapone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is the main drug used to treat hyperthyroidism?

    <p>Propylthiouracil (PTU)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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