Endocrine summary
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of parafollicular 'C' cells in the thyroid gland?

  • Secrete calcitonin (correct)
  • Store colloid in the follicle lumen
  • Secrete thyroglobulin
  • Produce thyroxine

What is the function of chief cells in the parathyroid gland?

  • Secrete calcitonin
  • Secrete parathormone (correct)
  • Promote bone resorption
  • Produce thyroxine

Which gland is regulated by TSH secretion?

  • Parathyroid gland
  • Pineal gland
  • Thyroid gland (correct)
  • Adrenal glands

What is the effect of active thyroxine secreted by the thyroid follicular cells?

<p>Increases basal metabolic rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the appearance of parafollicular 'C' cells in the thyroid gland?

<p>Large pale round cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the chief cells located in relation to the thyroid gland?

<p>Internal embedded within the thyroid (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the parenchymal cells in the pars tuberalis?

<p>Regulate the seasonal reproductive cycle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the pituitary gland stores hormones made in the hypothalamus for direct release into the bloodstream?

<p>Pars nervosa (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of nerve fibers are found in the Neurohypophysis pars nervosa?

<p>Unmyelinated nerve fibers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of pinealocytes in the Pineal Gland?

<p>Regulate bodily rhythms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is responsible for regulating circadian rhythms based on light detection?

<p>Melatonin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of receptor is typically associated with basophil cells in the endocrine system?

<p>G protein coupled receptor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is produced by alpha cells in the pancreas?

<p>Glucagon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)?

<p>Promotes sodium and water excretion, lowering blood pressure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a hormone involved in the digestive system?

<p>Renin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythropoietin?

<p>Controls red blood cell production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cells are responsible for producing hormones in the digestive system?

<p>Enteroendocrine cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the adrenal cortex?

<p>Zona glomerulosa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine in the adrenal medulla?

<p>Chromaffin cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla?

<p>Stimulate the sympathetic nervous system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells in the pancreatic islets secrete insulin?

<p>Beta cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of somatostatin secreted by the delta cells in the pancreatic islets?

<p>Prevent the production of other hormones and secretions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the adrenal cortex contains the blastemic stem cells that generate replacement parenchyma?

<p>Zona intermedia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main hormone produced by Thyrotrophs?

<p>Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is regulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

<p>Cortisol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes Chromophobes from Acidophils and Basophils?

<p>Postsecretory nature (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cell is most abundant in the Pars Intermedia?

<p>Melanotrophs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term is used to describe cells believed to represent an undifferentiated stem cell of the adenohypophyseal parenchyma?

<p>Stellate-shaped chromophobes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in Gonadotrophs?

<p>Coexpressed by Gonadotrophs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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