Endocrine summary
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Questions and Answers

What is the role of parafollicular 'C' cells in the thyroid gland?

  • Secrete calcitonin (correct)
  • Store colloid in the follicle lumen
  • Secrete thyroglobulin
  • Produce thyroxine
  • What is the function of chief cells in the parathyroid gland?

  • Secrete calcitonin
  • Secrete parathormone (correct)
  • Promote bone resorption
  • Produce thyroxine
  • Which gland is regulated by TSH secretion?

  • Parathyroid gland
  • Pineal gland
  • Thyroid gland (correct)
  • Adrenal glands
  • What is the effect of active thyroxine secreted by the thyroid follicular cells?

    <p>Increases basal metabolic rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the appearance of parafollicular 'C' cells in the thyroid gland?

    <p>Large pale round cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the chief cells located in relation to the thyroid gland?

    <p>Internal embedded within the thyroid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the parenchymal cells in the pars tuberalis?

    <p>Regulate the seasonal reproductive cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the pituitary gland stores hormones made in the hypothalamus for direct release into the bloodstream?

    <p>Pars nervosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of nerve fibers are found in the Neurohypophysis pars nervosa?

    <p>Unmyelinated nerve fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of pinealocytes in the Pineal Gland?

    <p>Regulate bodily rhythms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for regulating circadian rhythms based on light detection?

    <p>Melatonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of receptor is typically associated with basophil cells in the endocrine system?

    <p>G protein coupled receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is produced by alpha cells in the pancreas?

    <p>Glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)?

    <p>Promotes sodium and water excretion, lowering blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a hormone involved in the digestive system?

    <p>Renin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of erythropoietin?

    <p>Controls red blood cell production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cells are responsible for producing hormones in the digestive system?

    <p>Enteroendocrine cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outermost layer of the adrenal cortex?

    <p>Zona glomerulosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine in the adrenal medulla?

    <p>Chromaffin cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla?

    <p>Stimulate the sympathetic nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells in the pancreatic islets secrete insulin?

    <p>Beta cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of somatostatin secreted by the delta cells in the pancreatic islets?

    <p>Prevent the production of other hormones and secretions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the adrenal cortex contains the blastemic stem cells that generate replacement parenchyma?

    <p>Zona intermedia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main hormone produced by Thyrotrophs?

    <p>Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is regulated by adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

    <p>Cortisol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Chromophobes from Acidophils and Basophils?

    <p>Postsecretory nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell is most abundant in the Pars Intermedia?

    <p>Melanotrophs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe cells believed to represent an undifferentiated stem cell of the adenohypophyseal parenchyma?

    <p>Stellate-shaped chromophobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in Gonadotrophs?

    <p>Coexpressed by Gonadotrophs</p> Signup and view all the answers

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