12 Questions
What is the main function of the endocrine system?
Maintaining various aspects of homeostasis.
What are the mediators of control mechanisms in endocrine physiology called?
Hormones.
What does the word 'hormone' mean in Greek?
To set in motion.
How does the endocrine system differ from other physiological systems?
It cannot be distinctly defined based on anatomical boundaries.
Which category of hormones is the most numerous?
Peptide hormones.
What distinguishes heterodimeric peptide hormones like TSH, FSH, and LH?
They share a common α chain, with specificity conferred by the β-chain.
What distinguishes steroids and thyroid hormones from peptide and amine hormones in terms of their sites of action?
Predominantly intracellular sites of action
How are peptide hormones synthesized initially?
As much larger polypeptide chains
What happens to hormone precursors before they become active?
They are typically inactive
What is the role of nuclear receptors in regulating hormone synthesis?
They can regulate transcription
How do hormone receptor tyrosine kinases mediate the effects of peptide and amine hormones?
They co-evolve with G-protein-coupled receptors
What is the general mechanism of action when a hormone binds to its receptor in the nucleus?
It either homodimerizes or forms a heterodimer to bind to DNA
Test your knowledge on the fundamentals of endocrine physiology, which involves regulating homeostasis through hormones. Explore the unique features of the endocrine system and its role in maintaining bodily functions.
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