Endocrine Hormone Classification Chart

Questions and Answers

What are amino acid derivatives?

Hormones derived from carbohydrates

Hormones derived from lipids

Hormones derived from amino acids (correct)

Hormones derived from proteins

What are peptide hormones?

Hormones that consist of chains of amino acids

What do lipid derivatives refer to?

Hormones derived from fatty acids (correct)

Hormones derived from cholesterol (correct)

Hormones derived from proteins

All of the above

What is tyrosine?

An amino acid that is a precursor to several neurotransmitters and hormones Signup and view all the answers

What is tryptophan?

An amino acid that is a precursor to serotonin and melatonin Signup and view all the answers

What are thyroid hormones?

Hormones produced by the thyroid gland that regulate metabolism Signup and view all the answers

What are catecholamines?

Hormones such as epinephrine and norepinephrine derived from tyrosine Signup and view all the answers

What are glycoproteins?

Proteins that have carbohydrate chains attached to them Signup and view all the answers

What are short polypeptides and small proteins?

Hormones that consist of a small number of amino acids Signup and view all the answers

What are eicosanoids?

Hormones derived from arachidonic acid that regulate various physiological functions Signup and view all the answers

What are steroids?

Lipid-derived hormones that include cortisol and testosterone Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Endocrine Hormone Classification

Amino Acid Derivatives: Hormones derived from individual amino acids; examples include thyroid hormones and catecholamines.
Peptide Hormones: Composed of chains of amino acids; examples include insulin and glucagon, which regulate metabolic processes.
Lipid Derivatives: Hormones that are based on lipids; these include steroid hormones and eicosanoids, influencing a variety of physiological functions.
Chains of Amino Acids: Peptide hormones consist of varying lengths of amino acid sequences, determining their specific functions in the body.
Tyrosine: An amino acid precursor for several important hormones such as thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine).
Tryptophan: Another amino acid that serves as a precursor to serotonin and melatonin, hormones involved in mood regulation and sleep cycles.
Thyroid Hormones: Hormones (T3 and T4) produced by the thyroid gland that regulate metabolism, energy levels, and overall growth and development.
Catecholamines: Hormones including epinephrine and norepinephrine produced by the adrenal glands, playing essential roles in the body's stress response and fight-or-flight reactions.
Glycoproteins: Hormones consisting of protein segments linked with carbohydrate chains; examples include follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), important for reproductive functions.
Short Polypeptides and Small Proteins: This category represents a diverse group of signaling molecules; examples include oxytocin, vasopressin, and various hypothalamic hormones.
Eicosanoids: Lipid-derived signaling molecules derived from fatty acids, involved in inflammatory responses, immunity, and various other functions; examples include prostaglandins.
Steroids: Lipid-derived hormones synthesized from cholesterol; examples include cortisol, testosterone, and estrogen, governing metabolism, immune function, and reproductive processes.

Description

This quiz explores key terms related to the classification of endocrine hormones, including amino acid derivatives, peptide hormones, and lipid derivatives. Through understanding these classifications, you will enhance your knowledge of how hormones function in the body.