Endocrine Glands Anatomy

Endocrine Glands Anatomy

Major Endocrine Glands:

• Pituitary Gland:
  • Located at the base of the brain
  • Regulates other endocrine glands
  • Divided into anterior and posterior lobes
• Thyroid Gland:
  • Located in the neck
  • Produces thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) that regulate metabolism
  • Consists of two lobes connected by an isthmus
• Adrenal Glands:
  • Located on top of the kidneys
  • Produce hormones such as adrenaline (epinephrine) and cortisol
  • Divided into adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla
• Pancreas:
  • Located behind the stomach
  • Produces hormones such as insulin and glucagon that regulate blood sugar levels
  • Also produces digestive enzymes
• Ovaries (Female):
  • Located in the pelvis
  • Produce hormones such as estrogen and progesterone that regulate the female reproductive cycle
• Testes (Male):
  • Located in the scrotum
  • Produce hormones such as testosterone that regulate the male reproductive cycle
• Hypothalamus:
  • Located in the brain
  • Produces hormones that regulate body temperature, hunger, and thirst
• Pineal Gland:
  • Located in the brain
  • Produces melatonin that regulates sleep-wake cycles
• Parathyroid Glands:
  • Located in the neck
  • Produce parathyroid hormone that regulates calcium levels in the blood

Other Endocrine Glands:

• Thymus:
  • Located in the chest
  • Produces hormones that regulate immune function
• Adipose Tissue:
  • Distributed throughout the body
  • Produces hormones such as leptin that regulate energy balance
• Gastrointestinal Tract:
  • Produces hormones such as gastrin and secretin that regulate digestion
• Kidneys:
  • Produce hormones such as erythropoietin that regulate red blood cell production
• Skin:
  • Produces hormones such as vitamin D that regulate calcium levels and bone health

Endocrine Glands Anatomy

• The endocrine system consists of major and other endocrine glands that produce hormones to regulate various bodily functions.

Major Endocrine Glands

• Pituitary Gland

  • Located at the base of the brain.
  • Regulates other endocrine glands.
  • Divided into anterior and posterior lobes.

• Thyroid Gland

  • Located in the neck.
  • Produces thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) to regulate metabolism.
  • Consists of two lobes connected by an isthmus.

• Adrenal Glands

  • Located on top of the kidneys.
  • Produce hormones such as adrenaline (epinephrine) and cortisol.
  • Divided into adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla.

• Pancreas

  • Located behind the stomach.
  • Produces hormones such as insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar levels.
  • Also produces digestive enzymes.

• Ovaries (Female)

  • Located in the pelvis.
  • Produce hormones such as estrogen and progesterone to regulate the female reproductive cycle.

• Testes (Male)

  • Located in the scrotum.
  • Produce hormones such as testosterone to regulate the male reproductive cycle.

• Hypothalamus

  • Located in the brain.
  • Produces hormones that regulate body temperature, hunger, and thirst.

• Pineal Gland

  • Located in the brain.
  • Produces melatonin to regulate sleep-wake cycles.

• Parathyroid Glands

  • Located in the neck.
  • Produce parathyroid hormone to regulate calcium levels in the blood.

Other Endocrine Glands

• Thymus

  • Located in the chest.
  • Produces hormones that regulate immune function.

• Adipose Tissue

  • Distributed throughout the body.
  • Produces hormones such as leptin to regulate energy balance.

• Gastrointestinal Tract

  • Produces hormones such as gastrin and secretin to regulate digestion.

• Kidneys

  • Produce hormones such as erythropoietin to regulate red blood cell production.

• Skin

  • Produces hormones such as vitamin D to regulate calcium levels and bone health.