Endocrine Disorders in Pregnancy

<p>Risk of fetal hypothyroidism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes and thyroid disease are the most common endocrine disorders during pregnancy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased blood glucose levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Human Placental Lactogen (hPL) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Third trimester (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased insulin resistance as pregnancy progresses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Slight glycosuria due to decreased glomerular excretion threshold (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It usually resolves after delivery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent miscarriage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased metabolic demands of the growing fetus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reduced blood flow to the uterus and placenta. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Congenital heart disease. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To reduce the risk of maternal complications. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Decreases heart rate and increases strength. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heart transplantation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased blood volume and increased clotting factors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hormonal changes that decrease blood clotting. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To improve blood circulation in the legs. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>History of large babies over 10 lbs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>24-28 weeks AOG (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>140 mg/dL (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>History of low birth weight babies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Greater than 95 mg/dL (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absolute insulin deficiency (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Asian (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Venous blood draw at 60 minutes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fetal compromise or death (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Heart failure (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Delay in prenatal visits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Severe anemia leading to rapid hemolysis of RBCs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>400 mcg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Signs of preterm labor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Organ meats (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Steaming with a small amount of water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High altitude (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Veno-occlusive crisis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardiovascular problems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vitamin C (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fetal demise (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Avoid contact with infected individuals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diet high in fiber (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The genetic nature of hemoglobin S (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An endocrine disorder with excessive hormone production leading to hypermetabolism.

Includes heat intolerance, tachycardia, exophthalmos, palpitation, weight loss.

Can lead to heart failure, preterm labor, IUGR, and gestational HTN.

Hypersecretion is too much hormone; hyposecretion is too little hormone production.

A type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.

A decreased ability of cells to respond to insulin, leading to higher blood glucose levels.

High blood sugar levels, commonly seen in gestational diabetes.

Increased urination due to high glucose levels in the blood.

Presence of glucose in urine, often a sign of diabetes or high blood sugar.

2-3% of pregnant women develop gestational diabetes, peaking around 24-28 weeks.

Thyroid gland undergoes hypertrophy, increasing hormone production to support pregnancy.

Hypothyroidism in pregnancy can lead to issues like anovulatory menstruation and miscarriage.

A headache caused by inflammation of sinus cavities, often due to infection or allergies.

Intake of folic acid, typically 400 mcg daily for women planning to become pregnant.

A genetic disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin causing red blood cells to sickle.

A painful condition in sickle cell anemia where sickled cells block blood flow in small vessels.

Consume foods high in iron (like meats) and folic acid (like leafy vegetables) to support health.

Increased iron intake may cause constipation; encourage high fiber and fluid consumption.

Vitamin C aids in iron absorption and boosts the immune system, especially important for those with sickle cell disease.

Good hygiene practices are essential in preventing infections in people with sickle cell disease.

Symptoms indicating potential danger to the fetus, like abnormal heartbeat or reduced movement.

Increased blood viscosity from Sickle Cell can lead to vessel blockage and complications.

Symptoms of labor that begins before 37 weeks, requiring careful monitoring.

Requires a multidisciplinary approach for monitoring and support.

Can include preterm labor, growth restrictions, and risk of fetal demise.

A condition where pregnant women have lower than normal red blood cell counts, leading to fatigue and weakness.

Involves rest, nutrition, and sometimes supplements to improve health during pregnancy.

Obesity, age >25, macrosomia history, and family history of diabetes increase risk.

A test to screen for gestational diabetes by measuring blood sugar after glucose intake.

Routine screening occurs during pregnancy at 24-28 weeks gestation.

50-g glucose loading followed by venous blood draw after 60 minutes.

If two of four samples are >95 mg/dL, diabetes is diagnosed.

Insulin-dependent diabetes characterized by beta cell destruction and insulin deficiency.

Condition of having a large baby, associated with gestational diabetes risk.

Certain populations like Asians and Hispanics are at a higher risk for diabetes.

Reduced blood circulation to the uterus and placenta, leading to complications such as fetal demise.

A condition where the right ventricle fails to pump effectively, causing back pressure and decreased output.

Common causes include congenital heart disease and pregnancy-related stress on the heart.

Treatment includes improving exercise tolerance, strength of the heart, and careful monitoring during pregnancy.

A medication used to treat heart failure by increasing the force of heart contractions.

A definitive treatment option for severe heart failure when other treatments fail.

A set of three factors contributing to venous thromboembolism: venous stasis, vessel injury, and hypercoagulability.

Measures include early ambulation and monitoring for symptoms to reduce the risk of blood clots.