Complications of Pre-Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

What is one of the early screening methods recommended for pregnant women with pre-gestational diabetes mellitus?

Which condition listed is NOT a complication associated with pre-gestational diabetes mellitus?

At what point in pregnancy should fetal monitoring begin for women with pre-gestational diabetes?

What is the primary focus of the urine dipstick test conducted during every antenatal visit?

What is the minimum recommended gap between growth scans for monitoring fetal growth in women with pre-gestational diabetes?

Complications of Pre-Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM)

Increased risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)
Polyhydramnios (excessive amniotic fluid)
Fetal infections
Fetal macrosomia (larger than average baby) - caused by increased blood sugar of the mother
Infections (asymptomatic bacteriuria)

Screening and Investigations

Urine routine and microscopy every trimester to rule out asymptomatic bacteriuria
Urine culture and sensitivity tests
Ultrasound (USG) screening: Level I USG at 18-20 weeks, TIFFA/Target scan at 18-20 weeks, Fetal ECHO (to exclude ventricular septal defect (VSD)) at 22-24 weeks.
Fetal monitoring (NST - Non-Stress Test, BPS - Biophysical Profile Score) - starting from week 32, weekly
Growth scan at least every 3 weeks from 28-30 weeks and 34-36 weeks

Management

Weight measurements at each antenatal visit
Blood pressure (BP) checks
Urine dipstick for proteinuria
Blood glucose monitoring at each antenatal visit

Additional Notes

Fundal examination: to rule out diabetic retinopathy - every 3rd trimester is recommended.

This quiz focuses on the complications associated with Pre-Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). It covers screening methods and management strategies to ensure a healthy pregnancy outcome. Test your knowledge on the risks, investigations, and monitoring required for GDM patients.