30 Questions
What is the term used to describe a living source of a microorganism that causes an infectious disease?
Reservoir
Which of the following is an example of a zoonotic disease?
Rabies
What is the term used to describe an arthropod that is involved in the transmission of an infectious disease?
Vector
Which of the following is considered a human carrier of an infectious disease?
All of the above
What type of arthropod can serve as a reservoir of infection?
Both insects and arachnids
How can a zoonotic disease be transmitted from animals to humans?
Through any of the above methods
Which type of objects are considered fomites in the context of disease transmission?
Inanimate objects capable of transmitting pathogens
What is the most common mode of transmission involving arthropod vectors?
Indirect contact via arthropod vectors
Which organization was founded in 1948 to promote technical cooperation for health among nations?
World Health Organization (WHO)
What is one of the direct modes of transmission listed in the text?
Direct skin-to-skin contact
Which mode of transmission involves sneezing or coughing as the source of transmission?
Indirect contact via airborne droplets of respiratory secretions
'Bedding, towels, and hospital equipment' are examples of what according to the text?
'Fomites' - inanimate objects capable of transmitting pathogens
What is the main difference between an endemic and an epidemic disease?
An endemic disease occurs within a population of a specific geographic area, while an epidemic affects a larger region within a short period of time.
Which of the following is an example of a pandemic disease?
H1N1 ('swine flu')
What are some factors that determine whether an infectious disease occurs?
Environmental factors like climate, season, and availability of potable water
During which pandemic did the Spanish flu cause significant casualties globally?
Spanish flu pandemic of 1918
Which factor does NOT contribute to the occurrence of infectious diseases?
Color of the pathogen
What is the defining characteristic of an epidemic disease?
Occurs in epidemic proportions in many countries simultaneously
Which of the following is NOT a cause of a major infectious disease?
Escherichia coli
What was the largest waterborne epidemic in the United States?
The cryptosporidiosis epidemic in Milwaukee in 1993
Which of the following is NOT a step in the water treatment process?
Reverse osmosis
What type of bacteria is used to test for fecal contamination in water supplies?
Coliform bacteria
What is the primary component of raw sewage?
Water and fecal material
Which of the following is NOT a type of sewage treatment mentioned in the text?
Quaternary treatment
Which federal agency is responsible for collaborating to create the expertise, information, and tools that people and communities need to protect their health?
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
What is the purpose of segregating, isolating, and treating those who have contracted a contagious infection?
To prevent the spread of the pathogen to others
What is the difference between biological warfare (BW) agents and bioterrorism agents?
BW agents are used to harm others in wartime, while bioterrorism agents are used to create fear, chaos, illness, and death in situations other than war.
What is the purpose of the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) published by the CDC?
To report on the prevalence and incidence of certain infectious diseases in the United States
What is the main purpose of increasing host resistance through the development and administration of vaccines?
To protect those who have been exposed to a pathogen from developing the disease
What is the primary mission of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)?
To collaborate to create the expertise, information, and tools that people and communities need to protect their health
Test your knowledge on the differences between endemic, epidemic, and pandemic diseases. Learn about the characteristics and examples of each type of disease.
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