Questions and Answers
In acute coronary syndrome, which finding is caused by phrenic nerve stimulation?
Which disorder is characterized by ST-segment elevation in all electrocardiogram leads?
When determining the severity of a patient's heart failure, which laboratory test provides the most information?
In addition to cardiopulmonary resuscitation, sodium bicarbonate is the treatment for cardiac arrest caused by which disorder?
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Which statement accurately describes the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis?
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After an acute myocardial infarction, which cardiac biomarker returns to baseline last?
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A patient with electrocardiogram changes in leads V3 and V4 that reflect an infarction is experiencing an injury to which area of the heart?
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Which drug is administered to treat acutely decompensated heart failure?
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Which blood pressure reading is classified as a hypertensive crisis?
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Which medication is infused to improve cardiac contractility?
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A blockage of the left anterior descending coronary artery causes the infarction of which part of the left ventricle?
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Hyperkalemia-induced cardiac arrest requires which treatment in addition to cardiopulmonary resuscitation?
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For a patient with acute heart failure, which intervention is most appropriate?
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After an acute myocardial infarction, which cardiac biomarker is released first?
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Which patient with a myocardial infarction is most likely to present with crushing chest pain that lasts longer than 30 minutes?
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Which rhythm is a common cause of sudden cardiac arrest?
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Drugs from which category reduce preload and afterload?
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Which disorder results from the inflammation, rupture, or erosion of atheromatous plaque in the coronary arteries?
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Paraplegia may be a finding in which disorder?
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Atropine is most likely to restore adequate perfusion in which situation?
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Study Notes
Acute Coronary Syndrome and Related Findings
- Phrenic nerve stimulation in acute coronary syndrome can lead to hiccups.
- A notable manifestation in electrocardiograms for pericarditis includes ST-segment elevation across all leads.
Heart Failure Assessment
- Serum B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level is crucial in evaluating heart failure severity.
- In acute myocardial infarction, Troponin C returns to baseline last among cardiac biomarkers.
Treatment for Cardiac Conditions
- Sodium bicarbonate is administered during cardiac arrest due to tricyclic antidepressant overdose.
- Acutely decompensated heart failure is treated with Nesiritide (Natrecor) to reduce symptoms rapidly.
Hypertension
- A diastolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg is classified as a hypertensive crisis.
Coronary Artery Blockages
- An obstruction in the left anterior descending coronary artery leads to anterior wall infarction in the left ventricle.
Emergency Response to Cardiac Arrest
- Hyperkalemia with cardiac arrest requires calcium chloride in addition to standard CPR protocols.
- Myoglobin is the first cardiac biomarker released after an acute myocardial infarction.
Patient Presentation of Myocardial Infarction
- A typical presentation of myocardial infarction includes crushing chest pain lasting over 30 minutes, particularly in middle-aged men.
Cardiac Rhythms
- Ventricular tachycardia is a prevalent cause of sudden cardiac arrest.
Pharmacological Interventions
- Vasodilators are key in reducing both preload and afterload in patients with heart conditions.
- Acute coronary syndrome arises primarily from inflammation, rupture, or erosion of atheromatous plaques in coronary arteries.
Complications and Related Disorders
- Paraplegia can be associated with a dissecting aortic aneurysm.
- Cholinergic-induced bradycardia can be effectively treated with Atropine to restore adequate perfusion.
Other Key Clinical Insights
- Rapid-acting diuretics are pivotal for managing fluid overload in acute heart failure scenarios.
- A patient's age, sex, and pre-existing conditions, such as diabetes and hypertension, can influence the manifestation and management of acute cardiac events.
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Test your knowledge on acute coronary syndrome and related cardiovascular disorders with these flashcards. Each card covers critical concepts and scenarios that are vital for students and professionals in the medical field.
