5 Questions
What is the primary cause of imbalance between oxygen demand and oxygen supply in the myocardium?
Atherosclerotic plaque formation
Which of the following is NOT a clinical entity of Acute Coronary Syndrome?
Chronic stable angina
Which risk factor for ischemic heart disease is familial?
Familial hypercholesterolemia
What is the term for the blockage of a coronary artery, leading to myocardial infarction?
Thrombosis
Which of the following is a modifiable risk factor for ischemic heart disease?
Diabetes mellitus
Study Notes
Ischemic Heart Disease
- Inadequate perfusion of the myocardium due to imbalance between oxygen demand and oxygen supply
- Pathogenesis: narrowing/occlusion of coronary artery most commonly due to atheromatous plaque formation
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
- Spectrum of coronary artery disease that includes three clinical entities:
- Unstable angina
- Non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (N-STEMI)
- ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
- Pathogenesis: rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and partial or complete thrombosis of a coronary artery
Risk Factors for Ischemic Heart Disease/Atherosclerosis
Non-Modifiable Risk Factors
- Age > 50 years
- Sex: more common in males
- Family history of ischemic heart disease
- Familial hypercholesterolemia
Modifiable Risk Factors
- Obesity and physical inactivity
- Smoking and psychic stress
- Diabetes mellitus
- Hypertension
- Dyslipidemia
Learn about the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome, including unstable angina, non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, and ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Understand the imbalance between oxygen demand and oxygen supply in the myocardium.
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