Emotion & Motivation Quiz

Emotion & Motivation

• Emotions have three key characteristics: physical reactions (e.g., increased pulse, trembling), reflection of mental states, and influence on behaviour.
• Emotional intensity varies, experienced as tension or relaxation.
• Emotions serve four key functions:
  • Protection: Signals when the body is out of balance or threatened, protecting the organism.
  • Selection: Filters perception, influencing what and how we perceive internal and external stimuli.
  • Motivation: Activates and guides behaviour, as a driving force.
  • Expression: Communicates feelings to others via body language, tone and facial expressions.
  • Evaluation: Guides personal values, indicating what is appreciated, liked or disliked.
  • Social function: Influences social interactions, setting boundaries and fostering relationships.

Emotion Regulation

• Emotion regulation is the process of controlling the experience, intensity, duration, timing, and expression of emotions.
• People can use different strategies to strengthen, maintain or reduce emotions.

Emotion, Affect, and Mood

• Affects are brief, intense emotional states often associated with strong behavioural tendencies.
• Moods are less intense and last longer than affects.

Emotional Experiences

• Emotions are experienced on different levels, including bodily responses (e.g., trembling, rapid breathing), subjective feelings (e.g., anxiety, joy) and behavioural influences (e.g. approach or avoidance).

Basic Emotions

• Ekman identified seven basic emotions: joy, anger, disgust, sadness, fear, surprise, and contempt.

Brain Regions and Emotion

• Amygdala: Plays a vital role in identifying and processing fear and anger.
• Hippocampus: Links emotional experiences with memories.
• Prefrontal cortex: Involved with conscious control over emotions, analysis and appropriate responses.

Emotion Regulation Pathways

• Fast pathway: A rapid and relatively inaccurate pathway from the thalamus to the amygdala, enabling quick responses to potential dangers.
• Slow pathway: A detailed and accurate pathway from the thalamus to the cortex to the amygdala, enabling a more reasoned assessment of danger.

Anxiety

• Panic attacks: Sudden, intense anxiety episodes accompanied by physical symptoms.
• Phobias: Specific unwarranted fears of objects or situations.
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Associated with repetitive thoughts and behaviours to reduce anxiety.

Cognitive Aspects of Emotion

• Working memory: Crucial component in processing and retrieving information in a stressful situation; is highly susceptible to negative thoughts in anxiety scenarios.
• Long-term memory: Stores information from past experiences, facilitating comparisons to current experiences by accessing and comparing information from both short and long-term memory.

Motivation

• Motives are internal drivers of behaviour; leading to motivation.
• Motivation is the process set in motion by motives, persisting until goal attainment.
• Different types of motivation include:
  • Intrinsic Motivation: Driven by internal factors and enjoyment of an activity.
  • Extrinsic Motivation: Driven by external factors such as rewards or pressures.
• Individuals respond differently to intrinsic and extrinsic motivations.

Motivation and Emotion

• Motivation encompasses factors driving behavior, while emotions provide the energy and direction to action.
• Emotions guide behaviours, activating and directing our actions based on our objectives.

Achievement Motivation

• Achievement motivation is an inherent aspiration to succeed and achieve objectives.
• Factors of achievement motivation include influences from past experiences, self-image and anticipations of possible results.

Coping Mechanisms

• Strategies to address the challenges of unwanted ideas or feelings to reduce stress.

Influences on Motivation

• Self-perception and beliefs impact motivation.
• Expectations of success or failure influence motivation.

Testen Sie Ihr Wissen über Emotionen und deren Funktionen! Dieses Quiz behandelt die Schlüsselmerkmale von Emotionen und deren Rolle in der Motivation sowie in sozialen Interaktionen. Überprüfen Sie, wie gut Sie die Konzepte der Emotionsregulation verstehen.