Podcast
Questions and Answers
A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should:
A 49-year-old male presents with an acute onset of crushing chest pain and diaphoresis. You should:
- Administer up to three doses of nitroglycerin.
- Assess the adequacy of his respirations. (correct)
- Administer up to 324 mg of baby aspirin.
- Obtain vital signs and a SAMPLE history.
A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours' duration. You should:
A 66-year-old female with a history of hypertension and diabetes presents with substernal chest pressure of 2 hours' duration. You should:
- Give her one nitroglycerin and reassess her systolic blood pressure.
- Administer oxygen, give her 324 mg of aspirin, and assess her further. (correct)
- Give her high-flow oxygen, attach the AED, and transport at once.
- Obtain a SAMPLE history and contact medical control for advice.
A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when:
A dissecting aortic aneurysm occurs when:
- The aorta ruptures, resulting in profound bleeding.
- A weakened area develops in the aortic wall.
- All layers of the aorta suddenly contract.
- The inner layers of the aorta become separated. (correct)
A patient in cardiac arrest is wearing an external defibrillator vest, which is interfering with effective chest compressions. The EMT should:
A patient in cardiac arrest is wearing an external defibrillator vest, which is interfering with effective chest compressions. The EMT should:
A patient tells you that he has a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Which condition should you suspect he has experienced?
A patient tells you that he has a left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Which condition should you suspect he has experienced?
A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because:
A patient with atherosclerotic heart disease experiences chest pain during exertion because:
After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should:
After the AED has delivered a shock, the EMT should:
Angina pectoris occurs when:
Angina pectoris occurs when:
Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:
Deoxygenated blood from the body returns to the:
Most AEDs are set up to adjust the voltage based on the impedance, which is the:
Most AEDs are set up to adjust the voltage based on the impedance, which is the:
Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in a patient:
Nitroglycerin is contraindicated in a patient:
Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should:
Prior to attaching the AED to a cardiac arrest patient, the EMT should:
Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include:
Risk factors for AMI that cannot be controlled include:
Signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who:
Signs and symptoms of a hypertensive emergency would MOST likely be delayed in patients who:
The electrical impulses generated by the heart originate in the:
The electrical impulses generated by the heart originate in the:
The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 years of age if:
The EMT should use an AED on a child between 1 month and 8 years of age if:
When preparing to obtain a 12-lead EKG, the 'LL' and 'RL' electrodes should be placed:
When preparing to obtain a 12-lead EKG, the 'LL' and 'RL' electrodes should be placed:
Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom associated with malfunction of an implanted cardiac pacemaker?
Which of the following is NOT a common sign or symptom associated with malfunction of an implanted cardiac pacemaker?
Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?
Which of the following signs is commonly observed in patients with right-sided heart failure?
You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. You should:
You and your partner arrive at the scene of a middle-aged man who collapsed about 5 minutes ago. He is unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless. You should:
Study Notes
Cardiac Emergencies and Interventions
- Administer up to 324 mg of baby aspirin for patients with acute chest pain.
- Assess respirations for adequacy in patients presenting with chest pain.
- Utilize nitroglycerin if patients have prescribed medication; monitor blood pressure after administration.
- Initiate high-flow oxygen for patients with chest pressure and seek medical advice if they lack prescribed medications.
Aortic Health and Cardiac Devices
- A dissecting aortic aneurysm results from separation of the inner layers of the aorta.
- External defibrillator vests must not interfere with CPR; batteries should be removed before vest removal.
- Patients with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) often have a history of acute myocardial infarction.
Physiology of Chest Pain and Cardiac Function
- Chest pain in atherosclerotic heart disease stems from narrowed coronary arteries unable to meet increased blood flow demands.
- Angina pectoris manifests when myocardial oxygen demand exceeds supply.
- Deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium from the body, essential for blood circulation.
AED and Cardiac Arrest Protocols
- After an AED shock, immediate resumption of CPR is critical.
- Prior to using an AED, ensure the chest is dry to facilitate effective pad adhesion and shock delivery.
- Risk factors for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) include family history, which is non-modifiable.
Hypertensive Emergencies and Heart Function Monitoring
- Chronic hypertension can obscure signs of hypertensive emergencies in patients.
- The sinoatrial node is responsible for generating electrical impulses in the heart, regulating heart rhythm.
- Malfunctioning cardiac pacemakers may present with symptoms including heart rates less than 60 beats/min, syncope, or dizziness.
Pediatric and Adult Cardiac Care
- Use pediatric pads and energy-reducing devices when applying an AED on children aged 1 month to 8 years.
- When obtaining a 12-lead ECG, "LL" and "RL" electrodes are placed on the thighs or ankles.
- Dependent edema is a common sign of right-sided heart failure, indicating fluid retention.
CPR and Immediate Response
- Initiate high-quality CPR immediately in cases of unresponsive, apneic, and pulseless individuals; follow with AED application as soon as possible.
- Cardiac arrest in adults requires rapid assessment and intervention to prevent delays in life-saving measures.
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Description
Test your knowledge on emergency medical assessment with this quiz based on Chapter 16. It covers critical patient presentation scenarios and appropriate interventions. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.
