Emergency Care Chapter 12 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation occur during:

cardiogenic shock.

With an estimated time of arrival at the hospital of 20 minutes, what should you do for a stable 33-year-old male patient?

reassess his condition in 5 minutes.

Which of the following MOST accurately describes septic shock?

Bacterial damage to the vessel wall

Leaking blood vessels

Vasodilation

All of the above (correct)

What should you do for a patient with a severe leg injury and active bleeding?

apply direct pressure to the wound. Signup and view all the answers

Clinical signs of compensated shock include all of the following, EXCEPT:

Absent peripheral pulses Signup and view all the answers

Your MOST immediate action for an unresponsive patient with inadequate breathing should be:

check her airway for obstructions. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements regarding anaphylactic shock is correct?

Subsequent exposure after sensitization often produces a more severe reaction. Signup and view all the answers

Shock due to severe infection is called ________.

septic shock Signup and view all the answers

Your patient has a decreased cardiac output and poor myocardial contractility. This will likely lead to ___________.

cardiogenic shock Signup and view all the answers

What should you do for a 19-year-old male stung multiple times by fire ants experiencing anaphylactic shock?

repeat the epinephrine injection after consulting with medical control. Signup and view all the answers

Neurogenic shock occurs when:

failure of the nervous system causes widespread vasodilation. Signup and view all the answers

Your patient is in shock, but the body's defense mechanisms are currently able to maintain adequate circulation. This is called ___________.

compensated shock Signup and view all the answers

Distributive shock occurs when:

widespread dilation of the blood vessels causes blood to pool in the vascular beds. Signup and view all the answers

When assessing a patient with signs and symptoms of shock, it is important to remember that:

blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following injuries would MOST likely cause obstructive shock?

Cardiac tamponade Signup and view all the answers

What should be your primary concern upon arriving for a female patient who fainted after receiving bad news?

determine if she was injured when she fainted. Signup and view all the answers

What intervention will provide a 25-year-old female with signs of shock the greatest chance for survival?

Rapid transport to a trauma center. Signup and view all the answers

When treating an 80-year-old patient who is in shock, it is important to remember that:

changes in gastric motility may delay gastric emptying, which increases the risk for vomiting. Signup and view all the answers

The MOST likely cause of a 56-year-old male patient found semiconscious with rapid breathing and low blood pressure is:

cardiogenic hypo perfusion. Signup and view all the answers

For a 20-year-old male with a large laceration to his wrist bleeding rapidly, you should:

apply a tourniquet proximal to the wrist. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cardiogenic Shock

Characterized by pulmonary edema and impaired ventilation.
Typically leads to decreased cardiac output and poor myocardial contractility.

Septic Shock

Defined as shock due to severe infection.
Involves bacterial damage to vessel walls, causing blood vessel leakage and vasodilation.

Other Types of Shock

Neurogenic shock: Results from nervous system failure leading to widespread vasodilation.
Obstructive shock: Often caused by conditions like cardiac tamponade.
Distributive shock: Caused by widespread blood vessel dilation, leading to blood pooling in vascular beds.

Patient Assessment and Response

Regular reassessment is critical, such as checking a stabilized patient's condition every 5 minutes during transport.
In unresponsive patients with inadequate breathing, immediate airway obstruction checks are essential.

Anaphylactic Shock

Subsequent exposure to allergens can lead to more severe reactions after initial sensitization.
In cases of anaphylaxis, administering epinephrine intramuscularly may need to be repeated if there is no improvement.

Compensated vs. Decompensated Shock

Compensated shock occurs when the body can maintain adequate circulation despite shock.
Absent peripheral pulses indicate a progression to more severe shock, not compensated.

Management of Shock Situations

In minor incidents like fainting, prioritize determining if there was an injury.
For trauma patients, especially with potential intrathoracic bleeding, rapid transport to a trauma center is critical.

Important Considerations for Specific Populations

In elderly patients, be cautious of delayed gastric emptying which increases vomiting risk.

Key Clinical Signs

Indicators of compensated shock include normal blood pressure, while blood pressure may be the last measurable factor to change in shock.
Severe events such as major trauma or chainsaw injuries require immediate direct pressure on wounds to control bleeding.

Emergency Interventions

For uncontrolled bleeding, applying a tourniquet above the injury site can be necessary for severe lacerations.

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Description

Test your knowledge on cardiogenic shock and patient stabilization procedures in emergency settings with this quiz. It covers critical definitions and decision-making processes needed in trauma care, providing a solid understanding for healthcare professionals.