Embryonic Stem Cells and Development

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Questions and Answers

What is the ultimate stem cell according to the given text?

  • Pluripotent cell
  • Totipotent cell
  • Unipotent cell
  • Egg cell (correct)

Which type of cells are no longer able to divide and must be renewed?

  • Multipotent cells
  • Specialized cells (correct)
  • Pluripotent cells
  • Tissue stem cells

What can embryonic stem cells give rise to when cultured in the lab?

  • Teratomas (correct)
  • Multipotent cells
  • Specialized cells
  • Unorganized growth

What do stem cells have the potential to do, according to the given text?

<p>Self-renew or differentiate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stem cells have limited potential according to the given text?

<p>Tissue stem cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells can differentiate into any type of somatic cell?

<p>Pluripotent cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what stage do embryonic stem cells give rise to teratomas?

<p>Blastocyst stage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the microenvironment around stem cells?

<p>Stem cell niche (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process for copying that is associated with stem cells?

<p>Self-renewal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stem cells has unlimited potential according to the given text?

<p>Embryonic stem cells in culture (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for undifferentiated cells with the potential to self-renew or differentiate?

<p>Stem cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do totipotent cells have the ability to differentiate into?

<p>Any cell type (somatic or germ) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern related to the use of early stage blastocysts in stem cell research?

<p>Ethical considerations and the destruction of embryos (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of stem cells are rich in multipotent stem cells and can serve as an insurance for possible diseases in later life?

<p>Adult stem cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation in using adult stem cells for therapy?

<p>They may contain more DNA abnormalities (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are cancer stem cells (CSC) capable of?

<p>Self-renewal, differentiation, and tumorigenicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic difference between induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs)?

<p>iPSCs have differences in methylation patterns/epigenetic modifications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are organoids?

<p>3D structures grown from stem cells with organ function (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of embryo cloning?

<p>Cloning cells for therapeutic purposes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cloning is used to produce clonal embryos that will be grown into full-grown adult clones?

<p>Reproductive cloning (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Gurdon's experiment on cloning a frog via somatic cell nuclear transfer?

<p>It resulted in the production of a clone of frog B which developed into a tadpole. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a misconception about cloning?

<p>Clones have identical phenotypes due to carbon copies. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a risk associated with cloning?

<p>The cloned organisms may experience premature death due to epigenetic factors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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