Embryonic Development Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Shortly after fertilization the zygote divides through mitosis into two ______

blastomeres

Pregnancy begins at ______ and carries forward for 38 weeks

fertilization

Testing for Pregnancy: Pregnancy tests are testing for the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). This hormone is secreted by the ______

syncytiotrophoblast

Most common first sign of pregnancy is a missed ______ cycle

menstrual Signup and view all the answers

Implantation generally begins between day 7-10 post-fertilization, involving trophoblast invasion and the deciduoma response.

implantation Signup and view all the answers

The ______, formed around day 3-4 after fertilization, consists of a fluid-filled chamber and a layer of cells that will develop into the embryo.

blastocyst Signup and view all the answers

The process of pregnancy involves sequential stages such as fertilization, implantation, ______, fetal development, labor, and birth.

embryogenesis Signup and view all the answers

The ______, formed through several divisions, is a solid ball of cells surrounded by the zona pellucida from the original oocyte.

morula Signup and view all the answers

The ______ system's response to fetal tissues involves the detection of foreign cells through histocompatibility proteins on white blood cells.

immune Signup and view all the answers

The ______, derived from fetal and maternal tissues, facilitates gas and waste exchange between the developing fetus and the carrier.

placenta Signup and view all the answers

Early embryonic development involves the differentiation of the pre-embryo into two tissue layers and ______, creating the three primary germ layers.

gastrulation Signup and view all the answers

Embryonic membranes, including the yolk sac, amnion, allantois, and ______, play essential roles in supplying blood cells to the embryo and forming the placenta.

chorion Signup and view all the answers

Exchange between the fetus and carrier is limited to molecules less than ______, creating microchimerism and potential links to autoimmune disorders.

500 molecular weight Signup and view all the answers

Pregnancy and Fetal Development - Determining the ______ of a pregnancy relies on understanding the starting point and is crucial for medical consultations.

timing Signup and view all the answers

In twin pregnancies, differences exist in the formation of placentas and amnions, and genetic ______ affects the expression of imprinted genes depending on their source (egg or sperm).

imprinting Signup and view all the answers

Early pregnancy ______ involve assessing medical history, genetic concerns, and conducting various diagnostic tests.

medical appointments Signup and view all the answers

What hormone are pregnancy tests testing for, and where is this hormone secreted from?

Pregnancy tests are testing for the hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). This hormone is secreted by the syncytiotrophoblast and from the placenta. Signup and view all the answers

What are some common signs of pregnancy?

Common signs of pregnancy include missed menstrual cycle, morning sickness, breast tenderness/swelling, darkening of areola, fatigue, abdominal cramping, urination changes, and smell sensitivity. Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial structure formed shortly after fertilization, and what process does it undergo to eventually implant into the endometrium?

Shortly after fertilization, the zygote divides through mitosis into two blastomeres. These blastomeres go through a number of successive mitotic divisions until the blastocyst is formed. It is the blastocyst that eventually implants into the endometrium. Signup and view all the answers

How is pregnancy typically defined and what are the different stages of pregnancy referred to as?

Through most definitions, pregnancy begins at fertilization and carries forward for 38 weeks. Weeks 1-3 are considered preembryo, 3-8 embryo, and beyond fetal. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of implantation during pregnancy.

Implantation generally begins between day 7-10 post-fertilization, involving trophoblast invasion and the deciduoma response. Signup and view all the answers

What are the sequential stages of pregnancy?

The process of pregnancy involves sequential stages such as fertilization, implantation, embryogenesis, fetal development, labor, and birth. Signup and view all the answers

What are the roles of embryonic membranes in pregnancy?

Embryonic membranes, including the yolk sac, amnion, allantois, and chorion, play essential roles in supplying blood cells to the embryo and forming the placenta. Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential effects of exchange between the fetus and carrier?

Exchange between the fetus and carrier is limited to molecules less than 500 molecular weight, creating microchimerism and potential links to autoimmune disorders. Signup and view all the answers

What are the differences in twin pregnancies regarding the formation of placentas and amnions?

In twin pregnancies, differences exist in the formation of placentas and amnions, and genetic imprinting affects the expression of imprinted genes depending on their source (egg or sperm). Signup and view all the answers

What is the morula in the context of pregnancy?

The morula, formed through several divisions, is a solid ball of cells surrounded by the zona pellucida from the original oocyte. Signup and view all the answers

What is the blastocyst and when is it formed?

The blastocyst, formed around day 3-4 after fertilization, consists of a fluid-filled chamber and a layer of cells that will develop into the embryo. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during early embryonic development?

Early embryonic development involves the differentiation of the pre-embryo into two tissue layers and gastrulation, creating the three primary germ layers. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the placenta in pregnancy?

The placenta, derived from fetal and maternal tissues, facilitates gas and waste exchange between the developing fetus and the carrier. Signup and view all the answers

What is the response of the immune system to fetal tissues?

The immune system's response to fetal tissues involves the detection of foreign cells through histocompatibility proteins on white blood cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is essential to consider in early pregnancy medical appointments?

Early pregnancy medical appointments involve assessing medical history, genetic concerns, and conducting various diagnostic tests. Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential impact of pregnancy on medical consultations?

Determining the timing of a pregnancy relies on understanding the starting point and is crucial for medical consultations. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pregnancy and Fetal Development

Determining the timing of a pregnancy relies on understanding the starting point and is crucial for medical consultations.
Early pregnancy medical appointments involve assessing medical history, genetic concerns, and conducting various diagnostic tests.
The process of pregnancy involves sequential stages such as fertilization, implantation, embryogenesis, fetal development, labor, and birth.
The morula, formed through several divisions, is a solid ball of cells surrounded by the zona pellucida from the original oocyte.
The blastocyst, formed around day 3-4 after fertilization, consists of a fluid-filled chamber and a layer of cells that will develop into the embryo.
Implantation generally begins between day 7-10 post-fertilization, involving trophoblast invasion and the deciduoma response.
The immune system's response to fetal tissues involves the detection of foreign cells through histocompatibility proteins on white blood cells.
Early embryonic development involves the differentiation of the pre-embryo into two tissue layers and gastrulation, creating the three primary germ layers.
Embryonic membranes, including the yolk sac, amnion, allantois, and chorion, play essential roles in supplying blood cells to the embryo and forming the placenta.
The placenta, derived from fetal and maternal tissues, facilitates gas and waste exchange between the developing fetus and the carrier.
Exchange between the fetus and carrier is limited to molecules less than 500 molecular weight, creating microchimerism and potential links to autoimmune disorders.
In twin pregnancies, differences exist in the formation of placentas and amnions, and genetic imprinting affects the expression of imprinted genes depending on their source (egg or sperm).