Embryology; face & palate
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Questions and Answers

During which weeks of embryonic development does the external human face develop?

  • 4th to 6th week (correct)
  • 2nd to 4th week
  • 6th to 8th week
  • 8th to 10th week

At what point is the development of the face considered complete?

  • By the end of week 4
  • By the end of week 8
  • By the end of week 6 (correct)
  • By the end of week 5

What developmental stage occurs between the 6th and 8th week?

  • Development of the palate (correct)
  • Formation of the heart
  • Formation of limbs
  • Completion of the face

Which anatomical distinction is created as the palate develops?

<p>Distinction between the nasal and oral cavities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When does the palate's development reach completion?

<p>By the 12th week (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following developments does NOT occur between the 4th and 8th week?

<p>Completion of limb formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding embryonic facial development?

<p>The palate development overlaps with face development. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What major developmental milestone occurs by the end of the 6th week?

<p>Complete face development (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the medial nasal processes merge to form?

<p>Philtrum of the lip (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is formed by the fusion of the maxillary process and the intermaxillary segment?

<p>Upper lip (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which prominence is responsible for the formation of the forehead?

<p>Frontonasal (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure does the mandibular process specifically develop into?

<p>Lower jaw (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT derived from the frontonasal prominence?

<p>Sides of the nose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The lateral nasal prominence contributes primarily to which facial structure?

<p>Sides of the nose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the medial nasal processes give rise to aside from the philtrum?

<p>Primary palate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structures are formed by the maxillary processes?

<p>Cheeks and upper jaw (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The intermaxillary segment contributes to the formation of which facial feature?

<p>Upper lip (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following derivatives is associated with the mandibular process?

<p>Lower lip (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure formed by the fusion of the medial nasal prominence during palate development?

<p>Intermaxillary segment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what week is the development of the secondary palate typically completed?

<p>By week 12 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is primarily responsible for the formation of cleft lip?

<p>Failure of the medial nasal prominence and maxillary prominence to fuse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which critical period does the face and palate development occur?

<p>Between weeks 6-12 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a consequence of having cleft lip or cleft palate?

<p>Trouble eating (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the nasal placodes during embryonic development?

<p>To develop into nasal pits (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about cleft lip and palate is accurate?

<p>Cleft lip/palate occurs around 4 times higher in native Americans. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure is formed by the fusion of the medial nasal processes?

<p>Upper lip (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which anatomical planes do the palatal shelves fuse to form the secondary palate?

<p>Horizontal and vertical planes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures does NOT develop from the intermaxillary segment?

<p>Lateral nasal processes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which weeks does the ectodermal tissue cover the lateral nasal processes?

<p>Weeks 6-7 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant change occurs to the oronasal membrane around week 8?

<p>It disintegrates to form nasal cavities (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which anatomical feature connects the oral cavity and nasal passages during development?

<p>Choana (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What separates the lateral and medial nasal processes during early development?

<p>Naso-optic groove (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The nasal sacs develop from which embryonic structures?

<p>Nasal pits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is a part of the upper portion of the facial skeleton developed during nasal formation?

<p>Philtrum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which embryonic layer contributes to the formation of the nasal placodes?

<p>Mesoderm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the buccopharangeal membrane during early development?

<p>To separate the stomodium from the foregut (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process is primarily involved in the development of the pouches and grooves necessary for craniofacial development?

<p>Development of neural crest cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During the development of the first pharyngeal arch, what are the two processes that arise?

<p>Maxillary and mandibular processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What initiates the formation of the nasal placodes in facial development?

<p>Thickening of ectoderm on the frontal prominence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the mandibular process lie near during the early stages of facial development?

<p>The lower border of the stomodium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At which week does the development of the face commence?

<p>Week 4 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shape do mesodermal cells surrounding the nasal placodes form during week 5?

<p>Horseshoe shape swelling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the nasal placode's swelling is identified as the medial nasal process?

<p>The inner layer (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structures are supported by the embryonic connective tissue developed from neural crest cells?

<p>Pharyngeal pouches and grooves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the nature of the branchial arches?

<p>They arise in pairs and maintain symmetry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Facial development start

Human face development begins between the 4th and 6th week of embryonic development.

Face development finish

Facial development is complete by week 6.

Palate development starts

Palate development starts between weeks 6 & 8.

Nasal and Oral Cavities

The palate development creates a division between the nasal and oral cavities; this is important for function.

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Palate development completes

The palate development completes by week 12.

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Embryonic Week 4-6

Facial areas develop during this time period.

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Embryonic Week 6-8

The palate begins to grow in this phase

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Embryonic Week 12

Palate development is finished.

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Nasal placodes

Early embryonic structures that form the nose.

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Nasal pits

Depressions formed by sinking nasal placodes. They are separated from the mouth.

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Nasal processes

Proliferating tissues that eventually create the nose's structure.

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Medial nasal processes

Developing tissues that fuse to form the middle part of the nose.

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Intermaxillary segment

Critical tissue that develops the upper lip's center, nose, palate, and teeth.

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Upper lip formation

Results from the fusion of medial nasal processes and maxillary processes.

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Oronasal membrane

Separates the nasal pits from the developing oral cavity.

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Nasal cavity formation

Oronasal membrane disintegrates to create the hollow nasal space.

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Choana

Connection between the oral cavity and nasal passages.

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Nasal sacs

Develop by the nasal pits growing deeper.

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What is the primary palate formed from?

The primary palate is formed from the fusion of the medial nasal prominences, creating the intermaxillary segment.

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How does the secondary palate develop?

Palatal shelves, formed by the maxillary prominences growing medially, fuse above the tongue to create the secondary palate.

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When is the secondary palate development complete?

The development of the secondary palate is typically finished around week 12 of gestation.

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What is a cleft?

A cleft is a gap or defect in the development of the face or palate.

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What causes a cleft lip?

A cleft lip happens when the medial nasal prominences and maxillary prominences fail to fuse properly.

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What causes cleft palate?

Cleft palate occurs either when the palatal shelves fail to fuse or in combination with a cleft lip.

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What issues can cleft lip/palate cause?

Cleft lip/palate can lead to difficulties with eating, speech, and cosmetic concerns.

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Frontonasal Process

A prenatal structure that contributes to the formation of the forehead, nose bridge, and medial/lateral nasal prominences.

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Buccopharyngeal membrane

A double-layered membrane (ectoderm and endoderm) that initially separates the stomodium (primitive mouth) from the foregut. It disintegrates, allowing connection between them.

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Stomodium

The primitive mouth cavity in the developing embryo. It connects to the foregut after the buccopharyngeal membrane breaks down.

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Branchial arches

Six paired bulges (thickenings of mesoderm) that develop from the primitive pharynx. They form the framework for the face and neck.

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Neural crest cells

Special cells that migrate from the midbrain to support the branchial arches. They contribute to craniofacial development.

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Maxillary Process

A facial prominence that fuses with the intermaxillary segment to complete upper lip formation.

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Pharyngeal pouches and grooves

Structures that develop in the branchial arches and contribute to craniofacial development. They are supported by neural crest cells.

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Mandibular Process

The prenatal structure that develops into the lower jaw (mandible).

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First pharyngeal arch

The first branchial arch splits into two processes: the maxillary process and the mandibular process.

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Philtrum

The indentation of the upper lip.

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Maxillary process

A process that develops from the first pharyngeal arch. It contributes to the upper jaw and cheeks.

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Lateral Nasal Process

Facial prominence that creates the side of the nose.

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Mandibular process

A process from the first pharyngeal arch, forming the lower jaw and part of the chin.

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Frontal prominence

The region in the developing embryo where the face primarily develops. It contains the nasal placodes.

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Lower Jaw (Mandible)

The lower part of the jaw, formed from the mandibular process.

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Facial Formation Timeline

Facial development initiates during week 4 of prenatal development.

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Study Notes

Time Line Summary

  • The ectodermal human face develops between the 4th and 6th week of embryonic development.
  • Between the 6th and 8th week, the palate begins to develop.
  • This is complete by the 12th week.

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Description

This quiz covers the timeline of the ectodermal development of the human face from the 4th to the 12th week of embryonic growth, focusing on the critical stages of facial and palate formation. Test your knowledge on the key milestones in this fascinating process.

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