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What is the primary function of the structure described in the first sentence?

Forming the middle intestine

Producing germ cells

Providing nutrition (correct)

Producing the first blood cells

When does the structure become the site of primitive hematopoiesis and first blood production?

In the 5th week

In the 4th week

In the 2nd week

In the 3rd week (correct)

What is the role of the primordial germ cells that appear in the endodermal epithelium of the sac in the 3rd week?

They migrate towards the gonads in weeks 5-6 (correct)

They produce the amniotic fluid

They are the precursors to the fetal kidneys

They form the trachea, lungs and digestive tract

What is the purpose of the amniotic fluid swallowed by the fetus?

It passes into the respiratory and digestive systems and fetal bloodstream Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical amount of amniotic fluid at full term (40 weeks)?

800 to 1000 ml Signup and view all the answers

How often does the water content of the amniotic fluid change?

Every 3 hours Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the umbilical vein?

Carrying oxygenated blood with nutrients to the fetus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the umbilical arteries?

Carrying waste products from the fetus to the placenta Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of umbilical cord entanglement and knotting?

Hypoxia and brain damage in the fetus Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about the placenta is true?

It facilitates gas and nutrient exchange between maternal and fetal circulations Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Wharton's jelly in the umbilical cord?

Supporting and protecting blood vessels in the cord Signup and view all the answers

What can happen due to prolonged oxygen deficiency in a fetus?

Brain damage and mental retardation Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the trophoblast cells in a blastocyst?

Provide nutrients to the embryo Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of trophoblast cells is involved in the formation of the Chorion (fetal placenta)?

Syncytiotrophoblast Signup and view all the answers

During implantation, which part of the chorion lacks villi and is not a component of the placenta?

Chorion laeve Signup and view all the answers

What role do chorionic villi play in fetal-maternal exchange?

Exchange of nutrients and gases between mother and fetus Signup and view all the answers

Which event marks the beginning of nutrition and gas exchange between the embryo and mother?

Vascularization on week 4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the key function of the syncytiotrophoblast layer during pregnancy?

Invasion into surrounding stroma Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential mode of transmission for the parasite mentioned in the text?

Consuming undercooked meat Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with the presence of too much fluid in or around the brain according to the text?

Severe eye infection Signup and view all the answers

What is a common risk factor that can lead to placenta complications as described in the text?

History of tobacco and cocaine abuse Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT associated with severe disease caused by the parasite described in the text?

Placenta previa Signup and view all the answers

What does placenta accreta refer to as per the text?

Placenta adhered to the uterine wall Signup and view all the answers

What can lead to infection by the parasite during pregnancy according to the text?

Multiple pregnancies Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of progesterone and estrogen produced by the placenta?

Maintaining pregnancy Signup and view all the answers

At what point during pregnancy does the level of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) reach its highest level in the mother's blood and urine?

Eighth week Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential effect of rubella infection during pregnancy?

Peripheral pulmonary stenosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for toxoplasmosis?

Ingestion of contaminated food or water Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is synthesized by the syncytiotrophoblasts in the fetal placenta?

Both progesterone and estrogen Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) during early pregnancy?

Suppressing the menstrual cycle and maintaining the corpus luteum Signup and view all the answers

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