Podcast
Questions and Answers
During which week does the duodenal loop rotate clockwise with the stomach to the right?
During which week does the duodenal loop rotate clockwise with the stomach to the right?
- 5th week
- 8th week
- 4th week
- 6th week (correct)
From which part of the primordial gut does the duodenum develop?
From which part of the primordial gut does the duodenum develop?
- Caudal part of foregut (correct)
- Cranial part of foregut
- Caudal part of midgut
- Cranial part of midgut
At what point is the junction of the 2 parts of the gut located during the 5th week?
At what point is the junction of the 2 parts of the gut located during the 5th week?
- Just below or distal to the origin of bile duct (correct)
- At the level of liver bud
- Just above or proximal to the origin of bile duct
- At the level of spleen bud
When is the lumen of the duodenum temporarily obliterated due to proliferation of its epithelial cells?
When is the lumen of the duodenum temporarily obliterated due to proliferation of its epithelial cells?
From which embryonic layer does the duodenum develop?
From which embryonic layer does the duodenum develop?
During which week does the duodenal loop form and project ventrally, forming a C-shaped loop?
During which week does the duodenal loop form and project ventrally, forming a C-shaped loop?
Where does the duodenal loop come to lie during weeks 5 and 6?
Where does the duodenal loop come to lie during weeks 5 and 6?
What causes temporary obliteration of duodenal lumen at end of week 8?
What causes temporary obliteration of duodenal lumen at end of week 8?
Where does junction of two parts of gut lie during 5th week?
Where does junction of two parts of gut lie during 5th week?
When is duodenal loop formed and projected ventrally, forming a C-shaped loop?
When is duodenal loop formed and projected ventrally, forming a C-shaped loop?
Which part of the pancreas does the ventral pancreatic bud form?
Which part of the pancreas does the ventral pancreatic bud form?
Around which artery does the midgut loop rotate around its axis?
Around which artery does the midgut loop rotate around its axis?
Which limb of the midgut loop gives rise to the jejunum & ileum?
Which limb of the midgut loop gives rise to the jejunum & ileum?
What is an umbilical hernia?
What is an umbilical hernia?
A small pouch from the ileum.
A small pouch from the ileum.
What direction is the duodenal loop rotated?
What direction is the duodenal loop rotated?
From which part is most of the pancreas derived?
From which part is most of the pancreas derived?
What enlarged organ presses the duodenum & pancreas against the posterior abdominal wall?
What enlarged organ presses the duodenum & pancreas against the posterior abdominal wall?
How does the midgut loop communicate with the yolk sac?
How does the midgut loop communicate with the yolk sac?
During embryonic development, when does the duodenum normally recanalize?
During embryonic development, when does the duodenum normally recanalize?
From which buds does the pancreas develop?
From which buds does the pancreas develop?
What structures form the main pancreatic duct and accessory pancreatic duct?
What structures form the main pancreatic duct and accessory pancreatic duct?
At what stage do pancreatic islets develop and start secreting insulin?
At what stage do pancreatic islets develop and start secreting insulin?
From which part of the embryonic gut does the duodenum derive?
From which part of the embryonic gut does the duodenum derive?
When does the midgut return to the abdomen during embryonic development?
When does the midgut return to the abdomen during embryonic development?
What is Meckel's diverticulum?
What is Meckel's diverticulum?
Where are the pancreas and small intestine located in relation to the peritoneum?
Where are the pancreas and small intestine located in relation to the peritoneum?
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Study Notes
- Embryonic period lasts until end of week 8, during which the duodenum normally recanalizes but can lead to congenital anomalies like duodenal stenosis or atresia
- Pancreas develops from two buds: ventral (forms liver & gallbladder) and dorsal (larger, forms most of pancreas)
- Pancreatic buds fuse together and move to the dorsal mesentery, forming the main pancreatic duct from the ventral bud and accessory pancreatic duct from the dorsal bud
- Pancreatic islets develop from parenchymatous pancreatic tissue and secrete insulin during early fetal period (around 10 weeks)
- Small intestine is developed from the caudal foregut and cranial midgut, with the duodenum deriving from the cranial part of midgut
- During embryonic development, the midgut forms a U-shaped loop that projects into the umbilical cord due to a temporary lack of space in the abdominal cavity, eventually returning to the abdomen during week 10
- Congenital anomalies of the pancreas, such as accessory pancreatic tissue, annular pancreas, or Meckel's diverticulum, can result from developmental abnormalities.
- Meckel's diverticulum is a congenital anomaly where the intestines fail to return to the abdominal cavity during week 10, resulting in the formation of a pouch in the wall of the intestine.
- The pancreas and small intestine are retroperitoneal structures, meaning they are located behind the peritoneum.
- The duodenum is the most fixed part of the small intestine and has no mesentery, while the rest of the small intestine is supported by a mesentery that allows for free movement.
- The mesentery of the small intestine undergoes fixation during development, changing from a continuous mesentery with the ascending colon to a fan-shaped mesentery with a new line of attachment to the posterior abdominal wall.
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