Embryology Heart Development Quiz

<p>Cardiogenic fields merge into the midline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Forms the pulmonary trunk and aorta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sinus Venosus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Splanchnic mesoderm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primitive Atrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Primitive atrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It forms the coronary sinus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common cardinal vein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Caudal part of the right valve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It becomes absorbed into the primitive atrium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vein of Marshall (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absorption of the pulmonary veins into the left atrium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Right venous valve and left venous valve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Most of the primitive atrium and a part of the sinus venosus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The coronary sinus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To grow toward the septum intermedium and eventually create the foramen secundum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ostium secondum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inter-atrial septum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It moves slightly ventral to the ventricle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The septum intermedium (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Four (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ventricular septal defect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It becomes larger than the pulmonary artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pulmonary trunk and aorta (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Both ventricles connect to the aorta (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Umbilical vein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Third arch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the inferior vena cava (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fifth arch (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mainly from the primitive ventricle with some contribution from bulbus cordis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The muscular portion grows from the floor of the ventricle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spiral Septum (aorticopulmonary septum) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Absence of both septum primum and septum secundum (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mainly from the bulbus cordis with some from the primitive ventricle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The membranous part of the interventricular septum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Connects the right ventricle to the pulmonary trunk (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Muscular tissue grows upwards from the ventricle floor (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To bypass the developing liver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through the foramen ovale (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increase in pO2 levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ligamentum arteriosum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It increases due to increased venous return (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It becomes the walled-off fossa ovalis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It transforms into the ligamentum teres (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fetal blood cannot receive oxygen from the lungs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The initial stage of heart development, where two tubes form from the mesoderm layer of the embryo.

The two tubes formed from the cardiogenic fields that fuse together to create the single heart tube.

The process of the embryo folding in on itself, bringing the cardiogenic fields to the midline to form the heart tube.

The bending of the embryo's head towards its tail, which brings the cardiogenic fields from the cranial end to the center of the embryo.

The first functional organ to develop in the embryo. It begins beating between 22 to 23 days after fertilization.

The process by which the heart tube bends and shapes itself, forming the distinct chambers of the heart.

The sac surrounding the developing heart tube.

The process of creating the septum (wall) that divides the heart into its four chambers.

The right atrium develops from most of the primitive atrium and a part of the sinus venosus. The sinus venosus receives blood from the right and left sinus horns, bringing blood into the primitive heart tube.

The left atrium develops from a small part of the primitive atrium and the proximal portions of the pulmonary veins. The pulmonary veins begin as one vein entering the left atrium, forming from four branches that converge to form one vein draining into the developing left atrium.

The atrioventricular canal, the elongated constriction between the primitive atrium and ventricle, is divided into right and left parts by the septum intermedium formed by the fusion of two endocardial cushions.

The septum primum, a crescent-shaped membrane growing from the roof, forms a gap between itself and the septum intermedium, the foramen primum. Later, the septum primum ruptures to form the foramen secundum.

The upper part of the septum primum resorbs, leaving an opening called the ostium secundum.

The septum secundum forms on the right side of the septum primum, creating a valvular oval foramen - the foramen ovale.

The bulbus cordis, initially located to the right of the primitive ventricle, moves slightly ventral to the ventricle.

The first functional organ to develop in the embryo, the heart begins beating between 22 and 23 days after fertilization.

The sinus venosus is a structure in the developing heart that receives blood from the yolk sac, placenta, and fetal body.

During development, the right horn of the sinus venosus enlarges, while the left regresses due to a shifting of blood flow.

The septum spurium, a thin tissue partition, forms from the fusion of venous valves guarding the sinu-atrial orifice.

The body and right horn of the sinus venosus are absorbed into the primitive atrium, contributing to the smooth part of the adult right atrium.

The left horn of the sinus venosus develops into the coronary sinus, a channel that collects blood from the heart muscle.

The right valve of the sinus venosus forms part of the crista terminalis and the valves of the inferior vena cava and coronary sinus.

The division of the atrioventricular canal into two halves by endocardial cushions is a key step in the development of the atria and ventricles.

The interatrial septum, a wall that separates the right and left atria, is formed during atrial development.

The process of forming the septum (wall) that divides the heart into its four chambers.

A muscular portion of heart tissue grows upwards from the floor of the primitive ventricle towards the endocardial cushions, forming the primary interventricular foramen, the opening between the ventricles.

A membranous portion grows downwards from the endocardial cushions to meet the membranous part of the muscular portion, closing the primary interventricular foramen. This completes ventricular separation.

The smooth upper part of the two ventricles. It forms the outflow tracts, the conus arteriosus for the right ventricle and the aortic vestibule for the left ventricle.

The outflow tract of the right ventricle that leads to the pulmonary trunk.

The outflow tract of the left ventricle that leads to the ascending aorta.

The truncus arteriosus and bulbus cordis form one tube allowing outflow from the heart. This tube needs to be split to form the aorta and pulmonary trunk.

Mesenchymal cells proliferate in the wall of the truncus arteriosus forming a spiral septum called the aorticopulmonary septum, dividing the truncus arteriosus and forming the aorta and pulmonary trunk.

A shunt that connects the umbilical vein to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the liver in fetal circulation.

An opening between the right and left atria that allows blood to bypass the pulmonary circulation in fetal circulation.

A channel that connects the pulmonary trunk to the aorta, bypassing the pulmonary circulation in fetal circulation.

The closure of the ductus arteriosus after birth, triggered by increased oxygen levels.

The closure of the foramen ovale after birth, triggered by increased pressure in the left atrium.

The closure of the ductus venosus after birth, triggered by the cessation of umbilical cord blood flow.

The process by which a fetus adapts to breathing air after birth, transitioning from the placenta to the lungs for oxygen.

The changes in blood flow and heart structures that occur after birth, enabling the baby to breathe independently.

A condition involving four heart defects: a ventricular septal defect (VSD), pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, and overriding aorta. This leads to a mix of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, causing cyanosis.

A serious heart defect where the aorta and pulmonary artery are connected to the wrong ventricles. The aorta receives blood from the right ventricle (deoxygenated), and the pulmonary artery receives blood from the left ventricle (oxygenated), leading to insufficient oxygenation.

The division of the truncus arteriosus by the aorticopulmonary septum, forming two major vessels: the aorta and the pulmonary trunk.

The sixth aortic arch develops into the pulmonary arteries, connecting to the pulmonary trunk. The left side retains its connection via the ductus arteriosus, while the right side loses it. Closure of the ductus arteriosus separates pulmonary and systemic circulations.

The fourth aortic arch becomes the arch of the aorta on the left and the right subclavian artery on the right.

The third aortic arch develops into the common carotid arteries and the initial part of the internal carotid arteries.

Oxygenated blood from the placenta enters the fetal circulation through the umbilical vein, mixes with deoxygenated blood in the inferior vena cava, and is then directed towards the heart.

The fetal circulation is unique, as the fetus receives oxygenated blood from the placenta and not from the lungs. The fetal heart has connections and bypasses that are essential for this unique circulatory system.