Embryology: Digestive System Development - Bicol University, College of Medicine

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Which part of the gut tube does the development of the primitive gut into 4 sections include?

Foregut, Midgut, and Hindgut

What is the molecular regulation mentioned for liver induction?

Sonic Hedgehog

What process involves the physiological herniation in the midgut?

Rotation of the Midgut

Which part of the gut tube includes the stomach and esophagus?

Foregut

What is the molecular regulation mentioned for pancreas development?

Molecular Regulation of Pancreas Development

What is incorporated into the embryo to form the primitive gut?

A portion of the endoderm

What is the structure that extends from the left third of the transverse colon to the cloacal membrane known as?

Hindgut

Which part of the gut tube forms a blind-ending tube and includes the foregut and hindgut?

Yolk sac

What structure gives rise to the epithelial lining of the digestive tract and specific cells of glands like hepatocytes and pancreatic cells?

Endoderm

Which section of the primitive gut extends from the oropharyngeal membrane to the respiratory diverticulum and is considered part of the foregut?

Pharyngeal gut

What forms a concentration gradient of retinoic acid (RA) that initiates gut tube specification?

Colon

The stroma, muscle, and peritoneal components of the gut wall are primarily derived from which structure?

Visceral Mesoderm

What structures does the mesoderm of the septum transversum differentiate into?

Lesser omentum and falciform ligament

What part of the liver remains uncovered by peritoneum due to its contact with the central tendon of the diaphragm?

Cranial surface

What structures form when the anterior and posterior reflections of peritoneum meet on the right and left sides of the bare area of the liver?

Triangular reflections

During which week does the weight of the liver decrease from approximately 10% to 5% of the total body weight?

12th week

What color do bile contents take on when bile is formed by hepatic cells?

Dark green

What positional change causes the entrance of the bile duct to shift from an anterior to a posterior position?

Positional changes of the duodenum

What structure divides the ventral mesentery into the lesser omentum and the falciform ligament?

Liver

Which peritoneal reflection occurs between the spleen and the left kidney?

Lienorenal reflection

Where does the respiratory diverticulum (lung bud) appear at the ventral wall of the foregut?

Border with the pharyngeal gut

Which structure gradually partitions the esophagus from the dorsal part of the foregut?

Tracheoesophageal septum

What is the layer in apposition to the viscera called in peritoneal anatomy?

Visceral peritoneum

Which structure forms a continuous serous membrane lining the inner surface of the abdominal cavity?

Peritoneum

Which paired homeobox genes specify the endocrine cell lineage, leading to the formation of B, 8, and *y cells?

PAX4 and PAX6

During the 10th week of development, what happens to the herniated intestinal loops?

They begin to return to the abdominal cavity

What structure appears as a small conical dilation of the caudal limb of the primary intestinal loop around the sixth week?

Appendix

Where is the appendix typically located after its development?

Posterior to the cecum or colon

Which mesentery undergoes profound changes with rotation and coiling of the bowel?

Mesentery proper to the jejunum and ileum

Which part of the gut is typically the last to reenter the abdominal cavity during development?

Jejunum

Transcript notes from a lecture at Bicol University, College of Medicine on the embryology of the digestive system. The discussion covers the divisions of the gut tube, development of the primitive gut into four sections, molecular regulation of gut tube development, Sonic Hedgehog, and mesentery.

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