30 Questions
Which part of the gut tube does the development of the primitive gut into 4 sections include?
Foregut, Midgut, and Hindgut
What is the molecular regulation mentioned for liver induction?
Sonic Hedgehog
What process involves the physiological herniation in the midgut?
Rotation of the Midgut
Which part of the gut tube includes the stomach and esophagus?
Foregut
What is the molecular regulation mentioned for pancreas development?
Molecular Regulation of Pancreas Development
What is incorporated into the embryo to form the primitive gut?
A portion of the endoderm
What is the structure that extends from the left third of the transverse colon to the cloacal membrane known as?
Hindgut
Which part of the gut tube forms a blind-ending tube and includes the foregut and hindgut?
Yolk sac
What structure gives rise to the epithelial lining of the digestive tract and specific cells of glands like hepatocytes and pancreatic cells?
Endoderm
Which section of the primitive gut extends from the oropharyngeal membrane to the respiratory diverticulum and is considered part of the foregut?
Pharyngeal gut
What forms a concentration gradient of retinoic acid (RA) that initiates gut tube specification?
Colon
The stroma, muscle, and peritoneal components of the gut wall are primarily derived from which structure?
Visceral Mesoderm
What structures does the mesoderm of the septum transversum differentiate into?
Lesser omentum and falciform ligament
What part of the liver remains uncovered by peritoneum due to its contact with the central tendon of the diaphragm?
Cranial surface
What structures form when the anterior and posterior reflections of peritoneum meet on the right and left sides of the bare area of the liver?
Triangular reflections
During which week does the weight of the liver decrease from approximately 10% to 5% of the total body weight?
12th week
What color do bile contents take on when bile is formed by hepatic cells?
Dark green
What positional change causes the entrance of the bile duct to shift from an anterior to a posterior position?
Positional changes of the duodenum
What structure divides the ventral mesentery into the lesser omentum and the falciform ligament?
Liver
Which peritoneal reflection occurs between the spleen and the left kidney?
Lienorenal reflection
Where does the respiratory diverticulum (lung bud) appear at the ventral wall of the foregut?
Border with the pharyngeal gut
Which structure gradually partitions the esophagus from the dorsal part of the foregut?
Tracheoesophageal septum
What is the layer in apposition to the viscera called in peritoneal anatomy?
Visceral peritoneum
Which structure forms a continuous serous membrane lining the inner surface of the abdominal cavity?
Peritoneum
Which paired homeobox genes specify the endocrine cell lineage, leading to the formation of B, 8, and *y cells?
PAX4 and PAX6
During the 10th week of development, what happens to the herniated intestinal loops?
They begin to return to the abdominal cavity
What structure appears as a small conical dilation of the caudal limb of the primary intestinal loop around the sixth week?
Appendix
Where is the appendix typically located after its development?
Posterior to the cecum or colon
Which mesentery undergoes profound changes with rotation and coiling of the bowel?
Mesentery proper to the jejunum and ileum
Which part of the gut is typically the last to reenter the abdominal cavity during development?
Jejunum
Transcript notes from a lecture at Bicol University, College of Medicine on the embryology of the digestive system. The discussion covers the divisions of the gut tube, development of the primitive gut into four sections, molecular regulation of gut tube development, Sonic Hedgehog, and mesentery.
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