Embryology Chapter 9: Heart Tube Development
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Questions and Answers

What is the consequence of differential growth in an embryo related to the heart?

  • It results in the formation of a second heart tube.
  • It displaces the heart toward the tail of the embryo, positioning it in the chest. (correct)
  • It enables the heart to descend into the pericardial cavity.
  • It causes the heart to develop in both the cranial and caudal regions simultaneously.

    • Which structure contributes to the formation of the myocardium?

  • Endoderm
  • Splanchnic mesoderm (correct)
  • Somatic mesoderm
  • Ectoderm

    • What rare heart condition results from the bilateral heart fields remaining separate?

  • Cardia Bifida (correct)
  • Tetralogy of Fallot
  • Ectopia Cordis
  • Atrial Septal Defect

    • The caudal region of the heart tube is referred to as which structure?

    <p>Sinus Venosus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process occurs after the fusion of the endocardial tubes?

    <p>Formation of the pericardial cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used for the right-sided bending or rotation of the heart tube?

    <p>Dextral Looping</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a result of differential growth in cardiac development?

    <p>Separation of two distinct heart structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure forms from the cells of the Sinus Venosus?

    <p>Inner layer of the pericardium (epicardium)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What consequence can arise from the failure of the heart to properly loop during its formation?

    <p>Dextrocardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of cilia located at the primitive node during early embryo development?

    <p>They establish left-right positional identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What abnormal condition results in mirror-image positioning of organs within the body?

    <p>Situs Inversus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the dextral looping of the heart, which chamber of the heart is positioned more posteriorly?

    <p>Left ventricle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process in embryonic development leads to the first visible asymmetrical event in the formation of the heart?

    <p>Bulboventricular loop twisting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the embryo is primarily responsible for the left-right axis specification?

    <p>The primitive node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the sinus venosus play in the structure of the developing heart?

    <p>It remains paired and receives multiple veins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What embryological feature is crucial in establishing asymmetrical patterns of gene expression?

    <p>Cilia at the primitive node</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the fusion of the coeloms in embryonic development?

    <p>Development of body cavities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is involved in bringing the heart tube to its adult position in the thorax?

    <p>Cranio-caudal folding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of connective tissue supports the heart tube after the folding process?

    <p>Dorsal mesocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the lateral body wall folds contribute to heart development?

    <p>They bring the heart tubes to the midline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is VEGF and its role in heart tube formation?

    <p>A factor that induces blood island formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which embryonic feature is positioned just ventral to the heart after cranio-caudal folding?

    <p>Foregut pocket</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does cranio-caudal folding primarily affect in embryonic development?

    <p>Position of the heart tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of lateral body wall folding on the embryonic structure?

    <p>Formation of the pericardial cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chapter 9: Formation and Turning of the Heart Tube

    • The cardiovascular system develops early, before it's completely formed
    • By week 3, the circulatory system develops to meet the growing embryo's needs
    • Heart development occurs from weeks 3 to 5
    • Heart fields are mesodermal in origin, positioned anterior to the brain
    • Mesodermal cells proliferate to form the septum transversum
    • Lateral plate mesoderm splits into splanchnic and somatic layers
    • Intraembryonic coelom forms between these layers
    • Blood islands develop from endoderm and coalesce into a heart tube
    • Endocardial tubes fuse to form a single heart tube
    • Cranio-caudal folding moves the heart tube ventrally
    • Lateral folding brings heart tubes to the midline
    • Heart tube differentiates and loops, forming right and left sides
    • Heart tube looping establishes positional consistency
    • Differential growth causes displacement toward the tail, then chest
    • Myocardium and epicardium form from splanchnic mesoderm
    • Cardiac jelly forms from myocardium and becomes the connective tissue
    • Epicardium is the inner layer of pericardium
    • Ectopia Cordis is rare, heart outside thoracic cavity
    • Cardia Bifida is rare, bilateral hearts separate

    Regions of the Primitive Heart Tube

    • Sinus venosus (paired) receives vitelline and cardinal veins
    • Blood from yolk sac, body, placenta
    • Primitive atrium develops into right and left atria
    • Primitive ventricle and bulbus cordis form the ventricles
    • Truncus arteriosus leads to aorta and pulmonary trunk

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    Related Documents

    Chapter 9 Heart Development - early stages PDF

    Description

    Explore the fascinating process of heart tube formation in this quiz based on Chapter 9 of embryology. Discover how the cardiovascular system develops and the crucial steps during the early stages of embryonic growth. Test your knowledge on the mesodermal origins and the intricate formation of the heart tube.

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