Electronic Structure of Atoms Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What defines the valence configuration of an atom?

  • The configuration in the highest energy level (correct)
  • The electrons with the highest energy
  • The arrangement of electrons in all energy levels
  • The total number of electrons in an atom

Which principle states that electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins?

  • Aufbau Principle
  • Electron Pairing Principle
  • Pauli’s Exclusion Principle (correct)
  • Hund’s Rule

What does Hund’s Rule of Electron Pairing state?

  • Electrons fill the lowest energy levels first
  • Electrons in the same subshell have the same spin
  • Electrons must occupy orbitals singly before pairing (correct)
  • Electrons are added randomly to orbitals

According to the Aufbau principle, in what order do electrons fill atomic orbitals?

<p>In the order of increasing energy levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an electron's valence electron?

<p>An electron in the outermost shell of an atom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a sublevel of an electron shell?

<p>t (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The principle quantum number is symbolized by the letter ______.

<p>n</p> Signup and view all the answers

The higher the principle quantum number, the closer the electron is to the nucleus.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 'p' sublevel?

<p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a rule for writing electron configurations?

<p>Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the electron configuration of calcium?

<p>1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s²</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "valence electrons" refer to?

<p>The electrons in the outermost energy shell of an atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an electron configuration for a noble gas?

<p>1s² 2s² 2p⁶ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following scientists with their contributions to the field of atomic structure:

<p>Wolfgang Pauli = Pauli Exclusion Principle stating that no two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers Friedrich Hund = Hund's Rule stating that electrons fill orbitals singly before pairing up Gilbert Newton Lewis = Developed the electron-dot structure for representing valence electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Electron Configuration

The arrangement of electrons in successive energy levels of an atom.

Valence Configuration

The electron configuration in the highest energy level of an atom.

Aufbau Principle

Electrons fill atomic orbitals from lowest to highest energy levels.

Pauli's Exclusion Principle

Electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins.

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Hund's Rule

Each orbital in a sublevel gets one electron before any pairing occurs.

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Ionic Compounds

Compounds formed when a metal reacts with a nonmetal, or a polyatomic ion.

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Covalent Compounds

Compounds formed when nonmetals share electrons.

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Valence Electron

Electrons found in the valence configuration.

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Lewis Electron Dot Structure (LEDS)

A diagram that represents valence electrons as dots around the element's symbol.

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Sharing or Transfer for Chemical Bonds

Chemical bonds are formed by either sharing or transferring electrons.

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Only Valence Electrons in LEDS

Only valence electrons are included in Lewis Electron Dot Structures.

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Gilbert N. Lewis

The scientist who proposed that chemical bonds are formed by either sharing or transferring electrons.

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Octet Rule

Atoms tend to achieve the stable configuration of the nearest noble gas element.

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Achieving Stability with Octet Rule

Atoms gain, lose or share electrons to have eight valence electrons.

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Noble Gas Configuration

The electron configuration of a noble gas element.

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Study Notes

Electronic Structure of Atoms

  • Atoms have electrons arranged in energy levels (shells)
  • The energy level (n) indicates the probable distance of the electron from the nucleus
  • The higher the value of "n", the farther the electron is from the nucleus
  • Energy levels contain sublevels (s, p, d, f) each with a specific capacity
  • Sublevels contain orbitals
  • Each orbital can hold two electrons with opposite spins
  • The order of filling orbitals follows the Aufbau principle, filling from the lowest to the highest energy level and sublevels.
  • Pauli's Exclusion Principle states that electrons in the same atomic orbital must have opposite spins
  • Hund's rule states that electrons will singly occupy each orbital within a sublevel before doubling up

Electron Configuration

  • Electron configuration describes the arrangement of electrons in energy levels and sublevels
  • The notation shows the energy level and sublevel filled, and the number of electrons within
  • Example: 1s² 2s² 2p6 3s² 3p6 4s² 3d¹⁰ 4p⁶

Valence Electrons

  • Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom
  • They determine the chemical behavior of an element

Orbital Diagrams

  • Orbital diagrams illustrate the arrangement of electrons in an atom's orbitals and their spins

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Related Documents

Electron Configuration PDF
Chemical Bonding-Ionic Bonds PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the electronic structure of atoms, including concepts like energy levels, sublevels, and electron configuration. Understand principles such as Aufbau, Pauli's Exclusion, and Hund's rule through this engaging quiz.

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