Gr 10 Physical Sciences Ch 2: Electronic configuration
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Gr 10 Physical Sciences Ch 2: Electronic configuration

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between electrons in an atom?

  • Electrons have different shapes
  • Electrons have different masses
  • Electrons have different charges
  • Electrons have different amounts of energy (correct)

    • Where are electrons with the lowest energy found in an atom?

  • Farthest from the nucleus
  • Closest to the nucleus (correct)
  • In the middle energy level
  • In the outermost energy level

    • What determines an element's reactivity and properties?

  • The distribution of electrons among various energy levels (correct)
  • The number of protons in an atom
  • The atomic mass of an element
  • The number of neutrons in an atom

    • How are energy levels or shells around the nucleus numbered?

    <p>Sequentially (1, 2, 3, and so on)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the atomic number of Lithium (Li) and how many electrons does it have?

    <p>Atomic number 3, with 3 electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an orbital in an atom?

    <p>A region around an atom where an electron is likely to be found</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the electrons in the first energy level of Lithium (Li) and Fluorine (F) differ?

    <p>Both have 2 electrons in the first energy level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the atomic number of Neon (Ne) and how many electrons does it have?

    <p>Atomic number 10, with 10 electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy an orbital?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which energy level contains only one s orbital?

    <p>First energy level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Aufbau diagrams?

    <p>To represent an element's electron configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Hund's rule related to?

    <p>Electron pairing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom?

    <p>Valence electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a full valence shell in an atom?

    <p>It makes the atom stable and unreactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of spectroscopic notation?

    <p>To provide a concise way to represent electron configurations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principle that states atoms tend to form bonds until they have eight electrons in their outermost shell?

    <p>The octet rule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of p orbitals?

    <p>Dumbbell-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of understanding electron configuration?

    <p>It helps in predicting an element's chemical behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the distribution of electrons among various energy levels in an atom?

    <p>The attractive force of the positively charged nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the arrangement of electrons in a neutral atom of Lithium (Li)?

    <p>Two electrons in the first energy level and one electron in the second energy level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about electrons in the same energy level?

    <p>They have the same energy and mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the first energy level in an atom?

    <p>It is the energy level closest to the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do electrons in the second energy level of Fluorine (F) and Neon (Ne) differ?

    <p>The number of electrons in the second energy level is the same for both elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the complexity of electron arrangement in an atom?

    <p>The presence of multiple orbitals within each energy level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the energy of an electron and its distance from the nucleus?

    <p>Electrons with higher energy are farther from the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of energy levels in understanding an element's reactivity and properties?

    <p>They determine the arrangement of electrons among various energy levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of filling orbitals in an atom?

    <p>1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 3d</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Pauli's Exclusion Principle?

    <p>To assert that electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron configuration of a sodium ion (Na⁺)?

    <p>1s² 2s² 2p⁶</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a full valence shell in an atom?

    <p>It decreases the reactivity of an atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the shape of s orbitals?

    <p>Spherical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about electron configuration is true?

    <p>Electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the number of electrons in an orbital?

    <p>The energy level of the orbital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of spectroscopic notation?

    <p>To provide a concise way to represent electron configurations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct electron configuration of argon (18 electrons)?

    <p>1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of core electrons in an atom?

    <p>They are not important in determining an element's chemical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key concept in Aufbau diagrams?

    <p>Electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about valence electrons?

    <p>They are crucial in determining an element's chemical properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of spectroscopic notation?

    <p>To provide a concise way to represent electron configurations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do atoms tend to form bonds until they have eight electrons in their outermost shell?

    <p>To achieve a full valence shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Hund's rule?

    <p>Electrons prefer to occupy orbitals singly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the electron configuration of an atom?

    <p>The number of electrons in the energy levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are electrons in the same orbital called an electron pair?

    <p>Because they are in the same orbital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of understanding electron configuration?

    <p>To predict and explain an element's chemical behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between s and p orbitals?

    <p>s orbitals are spherical, and p orbitals are dumbbell-shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of Pauli's Exclusion Principle?

    <p>It asserts that two electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the energy of an electron in an atom?

    <p>The distance from the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which energy level do electrons with the highest energy reside?

    <p>The outermost energy level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of understanding the distribution of electrons among various energy levels in an atom?

    <p>To understand the reactivity and properties of an element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a neutral atom of Lithium (Li), how many electrons occupy the first energy level?

    <p>2 electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between the first energy level and the second energy level in an atom?

    <p>The energy of the electrons they contain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do electrons in higher energy levels have higher energy?

    <p>Because they are able to overcome the nucleus's attractive force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the first energy level in an atom?

    <p>It contains the lowest energy electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the energy of an electron and its distance from the nucleus in an atom?

    <p>As the energy of an electron increases, its distance from the nucleus increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the difference in energy between electrons in the same atom?

    <p>Their different distances from the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about electrons in the same energy level?

    <p>They occupy different orbitals but have the same energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the energy levels in understanding an element's reactivity?

    <p>They determine the element's reactivity and properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the electrons in the first and second energy levels of an atom differ?

    <p>They have different energies and occupy different orbitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct arrangement of electrons in a neutral atom of Fluorine (F)?

    <p>The first two electrons occupy the first energy level, and the remaining seven electrons fill the second energy level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the electron arrangement in an atom?

    <p>It determines the element's reactivity and properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the distribution of electrons among various energy levels in an atom?

    <p>The energy of the electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the electron arrangement in an atom?

    <p>Electrons occupy different orbitals in the same energy level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a guideline for determining electron configuration?

    <p>Each orbital can hold a maximum of three electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why atoms tend to form bonds until they have eight electrons in their outermost shell?

    <p>To achieve a full valence shell and become less reactive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Aufbau diagrams is TRUE?

    <p>Aufbau diagrams show the sequence of filling orbitals in an atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the electrons that are NOT involved in chemical bonding?

    <p>Core electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following orbitals has a dumbbell shape?

    <p>p orbital</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the third energy level?

    <p>18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of Pauli's Exclusion Principle?

    <p>Electrons in the same orbital have opposite spins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of spectroscopic notation?

    <p>To provide a concise way to represent electron configurations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following energy levels contains one s orbital and five d orbitals?

    <p>Third energy level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary factor that determines the complexity of electron arrangement in an atom?

    <p>The energy levels in an atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of filling orbitals in an atom?

    <p>1s, 2s, 2p, 3s, 3p, 3d</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about electrons in the same energy level is true?

    <p>Electrons occupy the lowest energy orbitals first</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines the electron configuration of an atom?

    <p>The number of electrons in the atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the octet rule in chemical reactions?

    <p>It states that atoms tend to form bonds until they have eight electrons in their outermost shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Aufbau diagrams is true?

    <p>They are used to determine the electron configuration of an atom</p> Signup and view all the answers

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