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Questions and Answers
Which of the following options are considered harm reduction strategies for drug use? (Select all that apply)
What ethical principle is demonstrated when a nurse respects a patient's refusal of chemotherapy?
When a provider offers cardiac rehabilitation selectively, what is this an example of?
If both parents are heterozygous for the cystic fibrosis gene, what is the probability of having a child with the disease?
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What can be inferred from the comparison of healthcare spending and life expectancy among the US, Germany, France, and Japan?
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Which ethical principle is primarily concerned with preventing harm to patients?
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What principle is violated when one patient receives treatment not offered to a similar patient?
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Which of the following conditions must be met for a recessive genetic condition like cystic fibrosis to manifest?
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Which type of information in an electronic health record is most indicative of how social determinants affect health care engagement?
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What best describes the concept of epigenetics?
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Which principle is central to the services provided by Great Britain's NHS?
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Which statement indicates a need for further education regarding Medical Aid in Dying?
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Which of the following statements is true about the focus of harm reduction efforts in addressing opioid-related deaths?
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In the context of health care policies, what does demographic information include?
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What distinguishing feature of the NHS reflects its commitment to accessible healthcare?
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Which of the following provides a clear distinction between Medical Aid in Dying and euthanasia?
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Study Notes
Electronic Health Records and Social Determinants
- Understanding the effects of social determinants on healthcare engagement is reflected in demographic information and transportation methods.
- Employer information and genetic data are less directly related to social determinants of health.
Epigenetics
- Epigenetics involves alterations in genetic expression influenced by environmental and lifestyle factors.
- It is distinct from predicting patterns of inheritance and disease and is not limited to benchwork analysis.
NHS Guiding Principles
- The NHS provides free care at the point of delivery for all patients.
- Health care services are delivered based on clinical need rather than the ability to pay.
- Comprehensive coverage includes dental, vision, and prescription costs, but social care services vary.
Medical Aid in Dying
- Patients need further education if they believe any healthcare provider can prescribe lethal medication for Medical Aid in Dying.
- Understanding legal distinctions is crucial: Medical Aid in Dying is not euthanasia.
Harm Reduction in Opioid Crisis
- Effective harm reduction strategies include supervised consumption sites and syringe exchange programs.
- Public service announcements can be a preventative measure, while increased criminal penalties do not encourage harm reduction.
Ethical Principles in Patient Care
- Respect for Autonomy is prioritized when a patient declines chemotherapy after being informed.
- Nonmaleficence, beneficence, and paternalism are other ethical principles that influence patient care decisions.
Health Equity and Implicit Bias
- Offering different treatments to patients with similar presentations can indicate implicit bias or ethical issues related to justice and privilege.
Cystic Fibrosis Genetics
- Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder requiring two copies of the faulty gene for expression.
- If both parents are heterozygous, there is a 1 in 4 chance (25% probability) that a child will inherit cystic fibrosis.
Health Care Spending and Life Expectancy
- The U.S. has the highest healthcare spending but the lowest life expectancy among the compared countries.
- Germany's lower health spending coincides with relatively high life expectancy rates, highlighting inefficiencies in resource allocation.
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Description
This quiz explores the impact of social determinants on healthcare, as well as the principles of epigenetics and how environmental factors influence genetic expression. Gain insights into the interconnectedness of demographic information and health outcomes.
