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Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of a voltage regulating device in a power supply?
What type of power supply contains a rectifier and a filter circuit?
What is the effect of a 5% increase in input AC voltage on the DC output voltage of an ordinary DC power supply?
What is the purpose of the filter circuit in a DC power supply?
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What is the main drawback of an ordinary DC power supply?
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What is the reason for the output voltage decrease as the load current increases?
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What is the primary function of a regulated power supply?
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What is the purpose of the capacitor filter in a regulated power supply?
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What is the primary function of the zener voltage regulator in a regulated power supply?
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What is the benefit of using a regulated power supply over an ordinary power supply?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Electronic Engineering
- In electronic circuits, a source of d.c. power is required, which is usually obtained from commercial a.c. lines using a rectifier-filter system.
- Batteries are not commonly used due to their high cost and need for frequent replacement.
Ordinary D.C. Power Supply
- Consists of a rectifier and a filter circuit.
- Rectifier output is pulsating d.c. with a.c. components.
- Filter circuit removes a.c. components to produce steady d.c. voltage across the load.
- Drawbacks of ordinary d.c. power supply:
- Output voltage changes with input a.c. voltage.
- Output voltage decreases as load current increases due to voltage drop in transformer windings, rectifier, and filter circuit.
Regulated Power Supply
- Maintains output voltage constant despite a.c. mains fluctuations or load variations.
- Consists of an ordinary power supply and a voltage regulating device.
- Output voltage remains constant with changes in load current or input a.c. voltage.
- Examples of regulated power supplies include:
- Zener diode voltage regulator
- Transistor series regulator
- OP-AMP voltage regulators
Zener Diode Voltage Regulator
- Combines three circuits: bridge rectifier, capacitor filter, and zener voltage regulator.
- Bridge rectifier converts a.c. voltage to pulsating voltage.
- Capacitor filter reduces pulsations in rectifier output voltage.
- Zener voltage regulator reduces variations in filtered output voltage and keeps output voltage nearly constant.
- Waveforms at various stages of regulated power supply:
- Pulsating voltage (point Q) from bridge rectifier.
- Filtered output voltage (point R) from capacitor filter.
- Regulated output voltage (Vout) from zener voltage regulator.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of electronic engineering, focusing on voltage regulators, including Zener diode regulators, transistor series regulators, and OP-AMP voltage regulators.
