26 Questions
What is the primary role of electrolytes in the body?
To maintain water balance and osmotic forces
Which electrolyte is the chief extracellular electrolyte and makes up 90% of the extracellular fluid?
Sodium
What is the primary role of chloride, the major anion in the extracellular fluid?
To maintain normal balance of fluids
Which of the following is the most common intravenous fluid used by EMS providers?
0.9% Sodium Chloride (Normal Saline)
What is the role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone system in electrolyte regulation?
It responds to decreases in sodium levels and increases in potassium levels
Which of the following is the primary location of magnesium within the body?
Intracellular fluid
What is the primary function of bicarbonate (HCO3-) in the body?
To regulate acid-base balance
Which of the following diseases or conditions can commonly affect electrolyte function?
All of the above
What is the primary role of potassium in the body?
To maintain neuromuscular irritability
Which of the following is NOT an EMS drug used to assist with increasing blood pressure?
Atropine
Which of the following is a function of the sodium/potassium pump active transport system?
Allowing cells to have action potential
What is the PRIMARY cause of dehydration?
Loss of fluids from tissues
What is the RECOMMENDED treatment for severe dehydration, according to the text?
Hypotonic IV fluid resuscitation
What is the NORMAL range for serum sodium levels?
135-145 mEq/L
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of hypernatremia (high serum sodium levels)?
Hypotension (low blood pressure)
What is the RECOMMENDED treatment for hypernatremia, according to the text?
Hypotonic fluid resuscitation and close cardiac monitoring
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of hyponatremia (low serum sodium levels)?
Nausea
What is the NORMAL range for serum potassium levels?
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Which of the following is the PRIMARY function of aldosterone, according to the figure?
Increasing sodium reabsorption in the kidneys
Which condition can cause Hyperkalemia with a serum level greater than 5.5 mEq/L?
Burns
What is the primary treatment option for Hypokalemia with a serum level of 10 mEq/L?
Dialysis
Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with Hypocalcemia when levels drop to 3.0 mEq/L?
Hypotension
What is a potential cause of Hypokalemia?
Increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels
Which condition is NOT typically associated with Hyperkalemia?
Elevated blood glucose levels
What is a common symptom of Hyperkalemia that requires close cardiac monitoring?
Peak T waves on ECG
Which electrolyte disturbance is closely linked to causing muscle weakness?
Hypomagnesemia
Test your knowledge of electrolytes with this quiz based on the updated 2023 information by Steve Casarez RN, MICN, Paramedic. Identify abnormalities in electrolyte levels based on normal serum values and enhance your understanding of Electrolyte Lab Values.
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