Questions and Answers
What is Matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It contains millions of invisible particles called molecules.
What is Matter made of?
Matter is made of molecules and atoms.
What is a Molecule?
A molecule is the smallest particle into which matter can be divided without changing its identity.
What is an Electrical Current?
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Name six sources of power from raw energy.
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Name the three specialized technical steps that provide electricity.
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How does a generator plant produce electricity?
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What is a Volt?
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What is the atom?
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What retains its characteristics when subdivided into atoms?
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What is the core of the atom called?
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Where is most of the mass of the atom concentrated?
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What does the nucleus contain?
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What are the six primary methods of producing a voltage (EMF) to cause an electric current to flow?
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When two points that have an electrical potential difference are joined by a conductor, ______ results.
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The term voltage and potential are both used to indicate the electrical ______ in a system.
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In an electrical system, the potential is provided by a storage _____, a mechanically driven ______, or a dry cell.
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An electrical current is produced when an applied voltage sets the free ____ of material in motion.
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Materials that have few free electrons are called?
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If a battery is connected to the two ends of a wire, the electron movement in the wire is toward the _______ battery terminal.
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The electron movement along the conductor of a circuit is the same everywhere, provided the applied _________ remains constant.
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Study Notes
Matter and Its Composition
- Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space, composed of millions of molecules.
- Matter consists of molecules and atoms, forming the fundamental building blocks of physical substances.
Molecules and Atoms
- A molecule is the smallest particle of matter that retains its identity and can be divided without changing its name; it is made up of atoms.
- An atom is the smallest particle that constitutes an element, retaining the element's properties.
Electrical Fundamentals
- Electrical current refers to electricity in motion, representing energy transfer and the flow of electrons in a conductor.
- Voltage is the unit of electrical pressure (or electromotive force) that drives current through a circuit; it can be compared to water flowing in a pipe.
Electrical Generation and Distribution
- Electricity generation occurs in a generator plant, where a shaft with an electromagnet rotates within a stator, producing electricity through electromagnetic induction.
- The three technical steps for electricity provision are generation, transmission, and distribution.
Sources of Raw Energy
- Common sources of raw energy include coal, oil, natural gas, uranium, wood, and wind, which can be converted into electrical energy.
Nucleus and Atomic Structure
- The nucleus is the core of an atom, containing protons (positively charged) and neutrons (neutral).
- The majority of an atom's mass is concentrated in the nucleus.
Voltage Generation Methods
- Main methods of creating voltage (electromotive force) include chemical action, magnetism, friction, heat, light, and pressure.
Electrical Current and Potential Difference
- Current flow occurs when two points with electrical potential difference are connected by a conductor.
- Voltage and potential both refer to electrical pressure within a system and can be supplied by batteries or generators.
Electron Movement and Conductivity
- An electrical current initiates when applied voltage causes free electrons in a material to move.
- Insulators are materials with few free electrons, including mica, porcelain, glass, bakelite, and silicone, which resist the flow of electricity.
Circuit Dynamics
- When a battery connects to a wire, electron movement occurs towards the positive terminal.
- Electron flow within a circuit remains consistent if the applied voltage is constant.
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Description
This set of flashcards covers fundamental concepts in matter, including its definition, composition, and the nature of molecules. Ideal for electrical craft students seeking to solidify their understanding of these basic scientific principles.
