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What is the probability of an incident occurring with unsecured loads at the company?
What is the probability of an incident occurring with unsecured loads at the company?
What consequence resulted from one of the incidents involving an unsecured load?
What consequence resulted from one of the incidents involving an unsecured load?
Using the risk matrix, what intersection represents the risk of unsecured loads at the company?
Using the risk matrix, what intersection represents the risk of unsecured loads at the company?
What could have changed the probability of another incident occurring if the risk assessment had been conducted after the first near-miss?
What could have changed the probability of another incident occurring if the risk assessment had been conducted after the first near-miss?
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What is the primary purpose of conducting a risk assessment after an incident?
What is the primary purpose of conducting a risk assessment after an incident?
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What was the consequence rating for incidents where no one was hurt?
What was the consequence rating for incidents where no one was hurt?
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What likely consequence remains even if the probability of an incident is reduced to possible?
What likely consequence remains even if the probability of an incident is reduced to possible?
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What would be an appropriate action for the company based on the risk assessment of unsecured loads?
What would be an appropriate action for the company based on the risk assessment of unsecured loads?
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What is the main goal of inherently safer design?
What is the main goal of inherently safer design?
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Which of the following best describes the principle of minimization?
Which of the following best describes the principle of minimization?
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What is a key advantage of quantitative risk assessment compared to qualitative risk assessment?
What is a key advantage of quantitative risk assessment compared to qualitative risk assessment?
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Which principle involves replacing a more dangerous hazard with a less dangerous one?
Which principle involves replacing a more dangerous hazard with a less dangerous one?
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Which scenario is most suitable for a quantitative risk assessment?
Which scenario is most suitable for a quantitative risk assessment?
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In a risk matrix, what does the term 'catastrophic' refer to?
In a risk matrix, what does the term 'catastrophic' refer to?
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How does moderation contribute to inherently safer design?
How does moderation contribute to inherently safer design?
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What does simplification aim to achieve?
What does simplification aim to achieve?
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What does the probability category 'rare' indicate in the risk matrix?
What does the probability category 'rare' indicate in the risk matrix?
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Which of the following statements is true regarding engineering controls?
Which of the following statements is true regarding engineering controls?
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How is the risk level determined in a risk matrix?
How is the risk level determined in a risk matrix?
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Which of the following is a disadvantage of quantitative risk assessment?
Which of the following is a disadvantage of quantitative risk assessment?
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What is the consequence of not securing loads when transporting goods?
What is the consequence of not securing loads when transporting goods?
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What is the role of buffering material in moderation?
What is the role of buffering material in moderation?
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What type of risk assessment is likely to provide a fast approximation of risks?
What type of risk assessment is likely to provide a fast approximation of risks?
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Which principle would suggest using a restraining system that can be operated by one person?
Which principle would suggest using a restraining system that can be operated by one person?
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Which equation is used to determine the degree of risk associated with an unwanted event?
Which equation is used to determine the degree of risk associated with an unwanted event?
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Which of the following best describes the consequence category labeled 'minor' in a risk matrix?
Which of the following best describes the consequence category labeled 'minor' in a risk matrix?
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What does qualitative risk assessment rely on for analysis?
What does qualitative risk assessment rely on for analysis?
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Which describes a quantitative risk assessment?
Which describes a quantitative risk assessment?
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What is the purpose of conducting a risk assessment?
What is the purpose of conducting a risk assessment?
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What could indicate a high degree of risk using the risk equation?
What could indicate a high degree of risk using the risk equation?
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Why is it important to choose the right risk assessment methodology?
Why is it important to choose the right risk assessment methodology?
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What is one key advantage of qualitative risk analysis?
What is one key advantage of qualitative risk analysis?
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What is the main function of engineering controls in hazard management?
What is the main function of engineering controls in hazard management?
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Which of the following is an example of an administrative control?
Which of the following is an example of an administrative control?
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What is a limitation of personal protective equipment (PPE)?
What is a limitation of personal protective equipment (PPE)?
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Which of the following best represents the hierarchy of controls?
Which of the following best represents the hierarchy of controls?
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Why might administrative controls fail to provide intended protection?
Why might administrative controls fail to provide intended protection?
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What is one characteristic of engineering controls?
What is one characteristic of engineering controls?
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Which piece of equipment is NOT an example of personal protective equipment?
Which piece of equipment is NOT an example of personal protective equipment?
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What role do engineers play in the hierarchy of controls?
What role do engineers play in the hierarchy of controls?
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Which of the following is an example of personal protective equipment (PPE)?
Which of the following is an example of personal protective equipment (PPE)?
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What is the purpose of wearing a dust mask in a laboratory setting?
What is the purpose of wearing a dust mask in a laboratory setting?
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Which type of control is being utilized when a supervisor provides training on PPE usage?
Which type of control is being utilized when a supervisor provides training on PPE usage?
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In the context of risk assessment, what does the combination of probability and consequence define?
In the context of risk assessment, what does the combination of probability and consequence define?
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What inherently safer design principle is applied by ensuring the student is not pressured for time during the task?
What inherently safer design principle is applied by ensuring the student is not pressured for time during the task?
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Which of the following controls focuses on removing hazards at the source?
Which of the following controls focuses on removing hazards at the source?
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Which of the following items would be considered NOT an example of personal protective equipment?
Which of the following items would be considered NOT an example of personal protective equipment?
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What type of control is indicated by the laboratory having a policy on PPE usage?
What type of control is indicated by the laboratory having a policy on PPE usage?
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Study Notes
Hazard Definitions
- A hazard is a source of potential harm.
- A hazard exists when a source of energy could be released.
- There is a corresponding energy source for each hazard.
- A loss of containment event occurs when the energy from a hazard is released inappropriately.
Sources of Energy
- Gravity: Working at heights, unsecured objects
- Electricity: Live exposed electrical wires
- Mechanical: Moving equipment/parts
- Chemical: Toxic gases/chemicals
- Pressure: Air or compressed gas
- Noise: Sustained or repeated exposure to loud noise
- Thermal: Sustained or repeated exposure to heat or cold
- Radiant: Intense light, ionizing radiation, thermal radiation
Risk
- Risk = Probability x Consequence
- Probability is the likelihood of a hazard occurring.
- Consequence is the potential magnitude of the impact of the hazard.
- Risk is measured qualitatively (moderate, high, extreme) or quantitatively (frequency of incidents or estimated cost).
Risk Matrix
- A risk matrix visually displays probability and consequence to determine risk.
- Probability is listed on one axis (rare, unlikely, possible, likely, certain)
- Consequence is listed on the other axis (insignificant to catastrophic)
- The cells of the matrix are color-coded to show a clear visual representation of risks in terms of probability and severity (from low to high).
Hierarchy of Controls
- Elimination
- Inherent Safety
- Engineering Controls
- Administrative Controls
- Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
The Hierarchy of Controls is a framework for prioritizing control measures in order of effectiveness. It aims to minimize workplace risks by eliminating hazards, if possible, and using other control measures when elimination is not feasible. The hierarchy, from most effective to least effective, is:
- Elimination: This is the most effective control. It involves removing the hazard altogether. Example: If a piece of equipment poses a risk, removing the equipment from the workplace eliminates the hazard.
- Inherent Safety: This seeks to design the process to make it inherently safer, reducing the risk of a hazardous outcome. 7Example: Using safer materials or processes that reduce the likelihood of a hazard occurring.
- Engineering Controls: These are physical modifications to the workplace or equipment to control the risk at the source. Example: Using guards, warning devices, or ventilation systems to isolate or mitigate a hazard.
- Administrative Controls: These are changes in work practices, procedures, or policies to reduce risk. Example: Implementing training programs, implementing safety procedures, or establishing safety rules.
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Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): This is the least effective control measure and is used as a last resort when other controls are not feasible or effective. Example: Safety glasses, respirators, gloves, and other protective gear.
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You should be aware that PPE can fail to function correctly, and it shouldn't be solely relied upon.
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Always prioritize using higher-level controls in the hierarchy whenever possible.
Inherent safety is about designing processes or systems to make them inherently safer, reducing hazards or risks from the start. 71 The four main principles of inherent safety are:
- Minimization: This principle involves reducing the amount of the hazard present. For example, using smaller containers to minimize the amount of hazardous material in use.
- Substitution: This principle involves replacing hazardous components with less hazardous ones. 72 For example, using a less toxic solvent in a process.
- Moderation: This principle involves using a less hazardous form of the hazard. 73 For example, reducing the temperature or pressure of a process to lower the risk.
- Simplification: This principle involves simplifying the process or system to reduce the likelihood of errors or accidents. 74 For example, using a single control mechanism instead of multiple complex ones.
Inherent safety is about making things safer by design. The four main principles are:
- Minimization: Use less of the dangerous stuff.
- Substitution: Swap out the hazard for something less risky..
- Moderation: Use a less dangerous form of the hazard.
- Simplification: Make the process easier to avoid errors.
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