Effects of Low Calcium Levels on the Body

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What is the primary effect of a decrease in parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels?

Increase in magnesium reabsorption

Decrease in calcium absorption

Increase in bone density (correct)

Decrease in phosphate reabsorption

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of hypocalcemia (low calcium levels)?

Tetany

Increased heart rate (correct)

Muscle spasms

Convulsions

What is the primary function of phosphate in the body?

Maintenance of extracellular fluid volume

Regulation of acid-base balance

Reabsorption in the kidneys

Formation of ATP and cell membranes (correct)

What is the primary cause of metabolic acidosis?

Excessive production of metabolic acids Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of a decrease in pH on the body?

Disruption of cell membrane stability Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following electrolyte imbalances is the most rare?

Magnesium imbalance Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of total body fluid that is found in the extracellular fluid (ECF) compartment of a healthy adult?

33% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the major cation found in the intracellular fluid (ICF) compartment?

Potassium Signup and view all the answers

If a patient has a fluid volume deficit, which of the following mechanisms would help restore fluid balance?

Increased water intake Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance is true?

Water movement occurs passively in response to changes in solute concentration. Signup and view all the answers

If a patient has an acid-base imbalance, which of the following electrolytes would likely be affected?

Bicarbonate Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of total body water found in the plasma component of the extracellular fluid (ECF) compartment?

20% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a major buffer system in the human body?

Phosphoric acid buffer system Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of buffer systems in the body?

To maintain the body's pH balance (homeostasis) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the hemoglobin buffer system is correct?

It involves the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in red blood cells (RBCs) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system is correct?

It involves the dissociation of carbonic acid into hydrogen ions (H+) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the kidneys in maintaining acid-base balance?

Excretion of excess hydrogen ions (H+) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the phosphate buffer system is correct?

It is important in the intracellular fluid (ICF) Signup and view all the answers

Effects of Low Calcium Levels on the Body

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