Podcast
Questions and Answers
What happens to muscle fibers during immobilization in a shortened position?
What happens to muscle fibers during immobilization in a shortened position?
- Increased muscle strength
- Increased number of sarcomeres in series
- Increased number of Type II fibers
- Decreased number of sarcomeres in series (correct)
Which of the following outcomes is associated with immobilization?
Which of the following outcomes is associated with immobilization?
- Enhanced synovial fluid production
- Decreased tensile strength of articular structures (correct)
- Increased extensibility of muscle tissue
- Increased awareness of position and movement
What should be avoided to prevent complications during passive stretching?
What should be avoided to prevent complications during passive stretching?
- Maintaining prolonged muscle tension
- Forcing motion through tightness (correct)
- Gentle manipulation of joints
- Stretching within a pain-free range
Which type of muscle fibers experience atrophy more rapidly during immobilization?
Which type of muscle fibers experience atrophy more rapidly during immobilization?
Which of the following is a contraindication for passive stretching?
Which of the following is a contraindication for passive stretching?
Flashcards
Passive Stretch Effect on Sarcomeres
Passive Stretch Effect on Sarcomeres
Immobilization stretches or shortens muscles, affecting the number of sarcomeres in series. Stretching increases sarcomeres, while shortening decreases them.
Immobilization and Muscle Atrophy
Immobilization and Muscle Atrophy
Prolonged immobilization, whether in a stretched or shortened position, leads to muscle atrophy (loss of muscle mass) and weakness, more quickly in endurance fibers (type I).
Immobilization and Joint Atrophy
Immobilization and Joint Atrophy
Immobilization decreases synovial fluid production, causing articular cartilage atrophy and reduced tensile strength of joint structures.
Immobilization and Tissue Changes
Immobilization and Tissue Changes
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Passive Stretch Precautions
Passive Stretch Precautions
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Study Notes
Passive Stretching
- Passive stretching involves movement beyond a joint's normal range of motion.
- Immobilization affects the structures involved.
Effects of Immobilization
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Sarcomeres:
- When immobilized with muscle on stretch, sarcomeres increase.
- When immobilized with muscle in a shortened position, sarcomeres decrease.
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Muscle:
- Type I (endurance) muscle fibers atrophy and weaken more quickly than Type II fibers.
- A shortened position during immobilization reduces the number of sarcomeres in series.
- Adhesion formation and decreased extensibility occur due to increased fibrofatty tissue in atrophied muscle and connective tissue (CT).
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Joint:
- Decreased synovial fluid production leads to articular cartilage atrophy.
- Tensile strength of articular and periarticular structures decreases.
- Position and movement awareness diminishes.
- Shortened position immobilization leads to increased connective tissue and a decrease in the number of sarcomeres in series.
- Lengthened position immobilization increases the number of sarcomeres in series and can cause permanent change in muscle length (e.g., dynasplint, serial casting).
- Effects are temporary if the affected area returns to its resting length.
Precautions/Contraindications
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Precautions:
- Avoid forcing movement (strain, not pain).
- Be cautious with fractures and osteoporosis.
- Connective tissue has reduced tensile strength after prolonged immobilization.
- Gradual strengthening and stretching are advised.
- Discontinue if pain persists for over 24 hours.
- Address edema and weakness.
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Contraindications:
- Bony block.
- Recent fractures.
- Acute inflammation or infection.
- Sharp, acute pain during movement.
- Hematoma.
- Avoid if selective stability is needed.
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Description
This quiz explores the impact of immobilization on muscle and joint structures, focusing on passive stretching techniques. It covers the effects on sarcomere length, muscle fiber types, and connective tissue dynamics. Test your understanding of the physiological changes that occur due to immobilization.
