14 Questions
What is one of the main reasons for the limitation of the range of motion (ROM) in immobilized joints?
Shortening of muscles due to sarcomeres and connective tissue changes
What leads to edema in muscle tissue during immobilization?
Shortening of muscles due to sarcomeres and connective tissue changes
What happens to the number of sarcomeres in muscle tissue during immobilization?
Decrease and shorten
What effect does movement have on the connective tissue matrix?
Maintains inter-fibril distance and lubrication
What effect does movement have on a-vascular structures like cartilage, ligaments, and tendons?
Causes a pump effect for the flow of interstitial fluid
What contributes to contracture formation and a decrease in joint ROM?
Progressive atrophy of peri- and intra-articular tissues
Why is movement graded according to the phase of healing extremely important after soft tissue injury?
To prevent excessive cross bindings and adhesions
What does movement improve in the balance between GAG’s and water content in tissue?
Maintains inter-fibril distance and lubrication
What happens to the collagen matrix with immobilization?
Increased breakdown and production of collagen
How does immobilization affect ligaments?
Causes atrophy and breakdown of collagen content
What effect does immobilization have on tendons?
Results in atrophy and breakdown of mechanical properties
What happens to the water and GAG content of the collagen matrix with immobilization?
Decreases, causing collagen fibrils to be closer together
What is the impact of immobilization on the tensile strength of the tissue?
Becomes erratic and weakens
How does immobilization affect the formation of adhesions and contractures?
Eventually leads to their formation due to limits in normal interfibril gliding
Test your knowledge on the effects of immobilization on soft tissue structures as discussed in Lederman 1997, Fig. 3.9, P 20. Explore the side-effects of immobilization on tissues at cellular, matrix, and general tissue levels.
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