Questions and Answers
What 3 types of brain, cognitive, and physical training exercises might reduce ADHD symptoms?
neurofeedback, mindfulness training, exercise
List 2 of the 3 factors that can result in brain damage.
seizures, infections
Which disorder involves a lack of muscular coordination, shaking, or unclear speech?
cerebral palsy
What is the most common cause of cerebral palsy?
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What is the most common seizure disorder?
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Children with epilepsy have distinctive behavior when they are not having a seizure.
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A child with above-average intelligence and/or superior talent in some domain such as art, music, or math is called what?
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What are two types of technology that can be used to improve the education of students with disabilities?
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Which disorders consist of serious, persistent problems that involve relationships, aggression, depression, fears associated with personal or school matters, and other inappropriate socioemotional characteristics?
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What disorder has its onset during the first three years of life and includes deficiencies in social relationships, abnormalities in communication, and restricted, repetitive, and stereotyped patterns of behavior?
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_________ involves language-development problems with no other obvious physical, sensory, or emotional difficulties.
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What are the two educational approaches children with hearing impairments receive?
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Difficulty in learning that involves understanding or using spoken or written language, and the difficulty can appear in listening, thinking, reading, writing, and spelling is called what?
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Interventions with children who have a learning disability often focus on improving reading ability.
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Name 3 of the 5 environmental hazards that can result in an intellectual disability.
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About 1 in every 1,000 students are classified as visually impaired.
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What are two of the four speech and language disorders?
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What are the three terms that have been used to sometimes describe emotional and behavioral disorders?
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__________ focuses on culturally appropriate application of positive behavioral interventions to attain important behavior changes in children.
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General intelligence is defined by what?
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What are three characteristics of a gifted child?
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Name two of the four programs options offered to gifted students.
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A child who is truly gifted often is the only child in the room who does not have the opportunity to learn with students of like ability.
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Marty most likely has?
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Which of the following classroom environments is most likely to help students with ADHD achieve?
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What is most likely the cause of Marci's intellectual disability?
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What is the most likely explanation for Mark's inattention?
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Amiel most likely has which of the following disorders?
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What might Ms. Brown suspect Carrie has?
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Mike most likely has?
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Who is at greatest risk of developing a serious emotional disturbance?
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What is the legal issue with Jenny's placement?
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What type of technology is the teacher using for Azel?
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Which characteristics of giftedness is the student showing?
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The characteristics of Roberto's giftedness are best described as?
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How should the geography teacher handle the disruptive student?
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All of the following are examples of learning EXCEPT?
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Mr. Zeller's approach to learning is most consistent with?
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What is the conditioned stimulus in Sylvia’s scenario?
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According to operant conditioning theory, why does Tyler continue his behavior?
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Which of the following does NOT relate to applied behavior analysis?
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What is Ms. Sanders doing when she turns the lights on and off?
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Why has time-out been ineffective with Sid?
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Critics of applied behavior analysis techniques often suggest that they?
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What is the most plausible explanation for Macy's response?
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What is the plausible explanation for the students' behavior following Matt's decision to shave his head?
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What would a teacher using a cognitive behavior modification approach do to help Marsha?
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An important way in which social cognitive theory builds on behavioral theory is its emphasis on?
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If you have a student in your class who is educationally blind, what are two manual approaches you can use to help your student?
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What does IEP stand for?
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A restriction of movement because of muscle, joint, or bone problems is what type of disorder?
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Depression most likely occurs in childhood than in adolescence.
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A highly unpleasant feeling of fear or apprehension is called what?
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This legal aspect required that all students with a disability be given a free, appropriate education?
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Under IDEA, what does LRE stand for?
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Name two of the most common learning disabilities.
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Name two out of the four classifications of intellectual disability based on levels of support.
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Name the disorder that often involves stuttering.
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What is a legal statement that spells out a program specifically tailored for a student with a disability?
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About three times as many girls than boys are classified as having a learning disability.
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Who is typically able to initially identify a possible learning disability?
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List three characteristics children consistently show with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) over a period of time.
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Why are students with ADHD on medication able to complete academic tasks in the morning, but not in the afternoon?
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Study Notes
Learning Disabilities and Disorders
- Dyslexia: Difficulty in matching sounds and letters; often causes low reading achievement despite average intelligence.
- ADHD: Students thrive in tightly structured classrooms with clear expectations and regular engagement, such as using computer games and physical activities.
- Down Syndrome: A condition characterized by cognitive deficits, physical features like shorter limbs and face abnormalities.
- Absence Seizure Disorder: May cause inattention in students; characterized by moments of staring and unresponsiveness.
Special Education and Legal Considerations
- Least Restrictive Environment (LRE): Legal requirement for students with disabilities to be educated with peers without disabilities to the maximum extent appropriate.
- Individualized Education Plan (IEP): A legal document outlining specific educational goals and services for students with disabilities.
Behavior and Conditioning
- Classical Conditioning: Conditions established by pairing stimuli; for example, anxiety about spelling bees can be conditioned by negative feedback.
- Operant Conditioning: Behavior maintained by reinforcement; for instance, if classmates laugh at disruptive behavior, the student is positively reinforced.
- Applied Behavior Analysis: Focuses on increasing desirable behaviors and decreasing undesirable ones, without emphasizing self-reflection.
Cognitive and Social Development
- Low Self-Efficacy: Students like Macy may feel defeated before attempting tasks, often leading to inaction and anxiety about performance.
- Modeling: High-status individuals like Matt can influence group behavior, showcasing the impact of social learning on peers.
Types of Disabilities and Characteristics
- Sensory Disorders: Conditions affecting visual or auditory inputs, such as children squinting or holding books too close.
- Expressive Language Disorder: Difficulty articulating thoughts clearly and coherently, impacting classroom participation.
- Cerebral Palsy: Manifesting physical coordination issues, often tied to lack of oxygen at birth, leading to ongoing educational needs.
Giftedness & Learning Styles
- Domain-Specific Giftedness: Talents may manifest in certain subjects like math, indicating variability in student abilities across different domains.
- Curriculum Compacting: An educational strategy for gifted students, allowing them to bypass material they have already mastered and reducing boredom.
Emotional and Behavioral Issues
- Emotional and Behavioral Disorders: Involve persistent issues with relationships, aggression, and anxiety, impacting academic performance.
- Test Anxiety: Cognitive strategies are recommended to help students manage anxiety before assessments, focusing on self-instructional methods.
Classroom Technology and Support
- Assistive Technology: Tools such as alternative keyboards that facilitate learning for students with disabilities.
- Instructional Technology: Enhances educational experiences through technological tools tailored to diverse learning needs.
Health and Physical Conditions
- Seizures: Several conditions like epilepsy present challenges for affected students, with no distinct traits observable outside seizure events.
- Fluency Disorders: Conditions often include stuttering, affecting communication abilities in educational settings.
Key Terms
- Public Law 94-142: Ensures free and appropriate education for students with disabilities.
- Specific Language Impairment (SLI): Affects language development without additional physical or emotional difficulties.
- Emotional and Behavioral Disorders: Characterized by serious issues in social functioning and emotional regulation.
Miscellaneous Facts
- Students with ADHD may have variable performance throughout the day based on medication effectiveness.
- Traditional education systems may not always meet the complex needs of students with disabilities, necessitating legal accommodations and specialized teaching approaches.### Learning Disabilities
- Oral communication methods include lip reading, while manual methods involve sign language.
- A learning disability is characterized by difficulties in understanding or using spoken or written language, affecting listening, thinking, reading, writing, and spelling.
Testing and Interventions
- Interventions for children with learning disabilities often primarily target improvements in reading skills.
Environmental Hazards
- Environmental factors that can lead to intellectual disabilities include malnutrition, poisoning, and birth injuries.
Visual Impairments
- Approximately 1 in every 1,000 students are identified as visually impaired, highlighting the prevalence of this condition.
Speech and Language Disorders
- Common speech and language disorders include voice disorders, which affect the quality of speech, and fluency disorders, which influence the flow of speech.
Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
- Terms describing emotional and behavioral disorders include emotional disturbances (ED), behavior disorders, and maladjusted children.
Positive Behavioral Support
- Positive behavioral support emphasizes the culturally appropriate use of positive behavioral interventions to encourage significant behavior changes in children.
Intelligence Measurement
- General intelligence is typically assessed by an overall IQ score, which reflects cognitive capabilities.
Characteristics of Gifted Children
- Gifted children may exhibit traits such as precocity (advanced skills), a tendency to think independently (marching to their own drummer), and a strong desire to master new skills.
Programs for Gifted Students
- Educational options for gifted learners often include special classes designed for advanced learning and mentorship or apprenticeship programs.
Social Context of Giftedness
- Gifted children may frequently find themselves isolated, lacking opportunities to engage with peers who share their abilities and interests.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore key concepts from Chapters 6 and 7 of Educational Psychology through engaging flashcards. These cards will help reinforce your understanding of different intelligence tests and their implications on learning and achievement. Perfect for students looking to deepen their grasp of educational psychology principles.
