Economics Quiz - Concepts & Applications
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Questions and Answers

Price controls generally serve a positive economic function.

False

Which of the following would need to be true for Internet access to qualify as a club good?

  • There is no monthly fee or sign-up fee.
  • The internet subscription fee increases as more people sign up to keep the network from being congested.
  • Connection speed does not depend on the number of current users.
  • Only a limited number of users can have access at any given time. (correct)
  • In the long run, firms generally experience diseconomies of scale, first because the large initial costs are spread over a small amount of output. Eventually, economies of scale decrease the long-run average total costs (LRATC) as output increases.

    False

    In a perfectly competitive market, the long-run market supply curve tends to be horizontal or nearly so (very price sensitive). What is another way to state this fact?

    <p>In the long run, price equals marginal cost.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calculate the amount of consumer surplus transferred to the monopolist in the monopoly situation shown.

    <p>$300</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an unintended consequence of a price ceiling?

    <p>Quality declines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why don't you ever hear politicians advocating for a minimum wage of $50/hour?

    <p>Most workers aren't worth enough to be hired at that wage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The equilibrium price and quantity are $2 and 50. A price floor of $1 is put in place. The equilibrium output:

    <p>will equal 50.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a price floor of $7 is established, the resulting ______ will be ______ units.

    <p>surplus; 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups is helped by a price floor on carrots?

    <p>Carrot farmers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the terms on the left with their corresponding descriptions on the right.

    <p>The tragedy of the commons = A situation where a shared resource is overused because individuals have no incentive to conserve it. A positive externality = A benefit that accrues to a third party as a result of an economic transaction. A negative externality = A cost that accrues to a third party as a result of an economic transaction. The free-rider problem = When a person benefits from a good or service without paying for it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Richard owns a tea company. He buys raw tea leaves, sorts and grades them, before selling them to stores. He recently moved into a larger factory, so that he can sell tea to more stores. How would Richard know if he is experiencing diseconomies of scale from increasing the size of his factory?

    <p>His long-run average cost per pound of producing tea increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Holding all else constant, a decrease in the market demand for a product in a competitive market would cause:

    <p>the marginal revenue (MR) curve of the firms to shift downward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diminishing marginal product begins with the ______ worker.

    <p>3rd</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The market for pens is perfectly competitive and is currently in equilibrium. What will happen if pens become more popular among university students?

    <p>In the short run, firms will experience economic profits, but in the long run, firms will enter the market, bringing economic profits back up to zero.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The output effect for a monopolist refers to the:

    <p>increase in sales due to the price reduction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the best example of rent seeking?

    <p>Politicians competing to win an election.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    You are thinking of moving to Oregon, where the state minimum wage is $14.20/hour. The federal minimum wage is $7.25/hour & the market equilibrium wage is $19/hour. What wage will you be paid?

    <p>$19</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The market works efficiently in the absence of externalities if the good is:

    <p>rival and excludable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    John earns $40,000 a year. He quits and invests $100,000 of his own money (which could have earned 10% in annual interest) to start a business. His opportunity cost is:

    <p>$50,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For some cafes, operating from 3PM to 4PM isn't the most profitable hour—and if every hour was like that, the coffee shop wouldn't make a profit because they couldn't pay the rent. But staying open is about ______.

    <p>MR ≥ MC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Pedernales Electric Coop estimated the demand and marginal revenue for electricity services to be P = 16 - 2Q and MR = 16 - 4Q. The MC of electricity is $4. What is the profit-maximizing price?

    <p>$10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of congestion charge will be the most effective at managing traffic flow?

    <p>A dynamic congestion price.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the following table find the value of A:

    <p>$116</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the profit-maximizing OUTPUT level in the table.

    <p>6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about a monopoly is false?

    <p>A monopolist sets a price along the inelastic region of the demand curve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is best to reduce the level of pollution:

    <p>as long as the benefit exceeds the cost of doing so.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When offering online food ordering, many restaurants outsource the food production to ghost kitchens to expand their delivery capacity. This practice ______.

    <p>creates economies of scale.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Due to freedom of entry and exit, long-run economic profits of perfectly competitive firms are ______.

    <p>zero.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Compared to a perfect competitor, monopolies charge _____ and produce _____ output.

    <p>more; smaller</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A profit-maximizing monopolist will set its price and output where demand is unit elastic.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The deadweight loss associated with this monopoly is equal to:

    <p>$100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Consider a market with the following equations: Demand: Qd = 42 – 2P Supply: Qs = 2 + 6P

    <p>shortage of 16 units</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Connect each description on the left with the appropriate term on the right.

    <p>Streaming services = Club good Street lights = Public Good An ERAS tour t-shirt = Private good Fisch stock in the ocean = Common Resource good</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A village has 6 residents, each of whom has an accumulated savings of $100. Each villager can use this money either to buy a government bond that pays 9% interest per year or buy a 1-year-old goat, send it onto the commons to graze, and sell it after a year. The price the villager gets for the 2-year-goat depends on how much it grows while grazing on the commons, which in turn, depends on the number of goats sent into the commons. What is the socially optimal number of goats for this village?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Suppose that for a particular firm the only variable input into the production process is labor and that output equals zero when no workers are hired. In addition, suppose that when the firm hires 2 workers, the total cost of production is $100. When the firm hires 3 workers, the total cost of production is $130. In addition, assume that the variable cost per unit of labor is the same regardless of the number of units of labor are hired. What is the firm's fixed cost?

    <p>$40</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Suppose that you are an owner of a firm that sells headphones. You are currently producing 7 headphones. If a new customer calls and offers to pay $30 but this requires you to produce one more headphone, should you take the $30?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the average fixed cost as we increase output?

    <p>falls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For a monopolist, the firm's profit in the graph below is ______.

    <p>$200</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What amount could you pay your roommate to stop playing loud music, so that you both benefit? The dollar amounts in the table refer to how much each individual values each outcome. There is a range of possible answers. You need to write a $ amount on the front page which would be acceptable to both parties.

    <p>between $25.01 and $29.99</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Multiple Choice Answers

    • Question 1: B
    • Question 2: C
    • Question 3: B
    • Question 4: D
    • Question 5: C
    • Question 6: A
    • Question 7: C
    • Question 8: A
    • Question 9: C
    • Question 10: D
    • Question 11: B
    • Question 12: B
    • Question 13: D
    • Question 14: C
    • Question 15: A
    • Question 16: C

    Short Answers

    • Question 17: B
    • Question 18: D
    • Question 19: A
    • Question 20: A
    • Question 21: C
    • Question 22: A
    • Question 23: C
    • Question 24: $110
    • Question 25: 6
    • Question 26: C
    • Question 27: A
    • Question 28: B
    • Question 29: A
    • Question 30: more; smaller
    • Question 31: B
    • Question 32: $100
    • Question 33: Shortage of 16 units
    • Question 34: Connections:
      • Streaming services: D (Club Good)
      • Street lights: A (Public Good)
      • An ERAS tour t-shirt: B (Private Good)
      • Fish stocks in the ocean: C (Common Resource Good)
    • Question 35: Socially optimal number of goats: 3
    • Question 36: $40
    • Question 37: NO
    • Question 38: AFC falls
    • Question 39: $200
    • Question 40: $25.01-$29.99

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