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Questions and Answers
What percentage of oxygen is found in the air?
What percentage of oxygen is found in the air?
- 21% (correct)
- 30%
- 25%
- 15%
Which of the following represents one of the forms of oxygen present in the Earth's atmosphere?
Which of the following represents one of the forms of oxygen present in the Earth's atmosphere?
- Nitrogen
- Ozone (correct)
- Carbon dioxide
- Methane
What is one of the states of oxygen besides its presence in air?
What is one of the states of oxygen besides its presence in air?
- Dissolved in water (correct)
- Solid ice
- Radiated energy
- Liquefied gas
Which statement is true regarding the carbon in the system described?
Which statement is true regarding the carbon in the system described?
What can be inferred about the upper layers of the atmosphere?
What can be inferred about the upper layers of the atmosphere?
Which method is primarily used to measure productivity in aquatic ecosystems?
Which method is primarily used to measure productivity in aquatic ecosystems?
Which biogeochemical cycle is NOT mentioned as having particular interest in ecology?
Which biogeochemical cycle is NOT mentioned as having particular interest in ecology?
What is the newest and most important method for calculating productivity in ecological societies?
What is the newest and most important method for calculating productivity in ecological societies?
Which of the following cycles is categorized as a fast cycle due to the gaseous state of its elements?
Which of the following cycles is categorized as a fast cycle due to the gaseous state of its elements?
Which method of measuring productivity is commonly used for terrestrial ecosystems?
Which method of measuring productivity is commonly used for terrestrial ecosystems?
What is nitrogen fixation?
What is nitrogen fixation?
Which type of nitrogen fixation is performed by lightning?
Which type of nitrogen fixation is performed by lightning?
Who is responsible for biological nitrogen fixation?
Who is responsible for biological nitrogen fixation?
At what stage does the nitrogen cycle begin?
At what stage does the nitrogen cycle begin?
Which process does NOT contribute to nitrogen fixation?
Which process does NOT contribute to nitrogen fixation?
What is the primary process involved in nitrification?
What is the primary process involved in nitrification?
Which of the following accurately describes denitrification?
Which of the following accurately describes denitrification?
What characteristic of nitrification is essential for the process to occur?
What characteristic of nitrification is essential for the process to occur?
Which statement about the nitrogen cycle is true based on the processes detailed?
Which statement about the nitrogen cycle is true based on the processes detailed?
Which of the following correctly identifies a requirement for the process of nitrification?
Which of the following correctly identifies a requirement for the process of nitrification?
Which component is not part of living matter that includes phosphorus?
Which component is not part of living matter that includes phosphorus?
Which function is phosphorus known to perform in living organisms?
Which function is phosphorus known to perform in living organisms?
What role does phosphorus play in DNA and RNA?
What role does phosphorus play in DNA and RNA?
Which of the following options represents a characteristic of phosphorus in cellular structure?
Which of the following options represents a characteristic of phosphorus in cellular structure?
In which form is phosphorus primarily found in living matter?
In which form is phosphorus primarily found in living matter?
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Study Notes
Measuring Productivity
- Productivity in aquatic ecosystems is measured by oxygen production.
- Productivity in terrestrial ecosystems is measured by CO2 consumption.
- Chlorophyll content is the newest method for calculating productivity.
Biogeochemical Cycles
- Important biogeochemical cycles in ecology include:
- Nitrogen cycle
- Oxygen cycle
- Carbon cycle
- Phosphorus cycle
- Sulfur cycle
- Water cycle
- Rapid cycles involve elements in a gaseous state: carbon, nitrogen, and water.
- The amount of carbon in these cycles remains constant.
Oxygen Cycle
- Oxygen makes up 21% of the air.
- Oxygen is dissolved in water and exists as ozone in the upper atmosphere.
Nitrogen Cycle
- Nitrogen fixation converts nitrogen gas (N2) into nitrates and nitrites.
- Nitrogen fixation occurs through atmospheric and industrial processes.
- Two types of nitrogen-fixation:
- Bio-fixation by nitrogen-fixing bacteria and algae.
- Physical fixation by lightning.
- The nitrogen cycle begins with green plants.
- Nitrification converts ammonium to nitrate, an oxidation process that requires aerobic conditions.
- Denitrification reduces nitrates back into nitrogen gas (N2), a reduction process that requires anaerobic conditions.
Importance of Phosphorus
- Phosphorus is a component of living matter, including protoplasm, cell membranes, DNA, RNA, and energy carriers like ATP.
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