Ecology and Biology Basics Quiz

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Which organisms live on or in the body of a host and cause some degree of harm?

Commensals

Thermophiles

Parasites (correct)

Mesophiles

What does the term obligate refer to in an ecological context?

The ability to exist in a wide range of conditions

Existing in a very narrow niche (correct)

Using chemicals for energy production

Using oxygen for metabolism

Which process describes the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration?

Osmosis

Diffusion (correct)

Facilitated diffusion

Active transport

What is the process called when water diffuses through a semi-permeable membrane?

Osmosis Signup and view all the answers

What is required for the active transport of substances across a membrane?

Cell expenditure of energy Signup and view all the answers

What will happen to bacteria living in a freshwater stream when moved to salty seawater?

Shrivel Signup and view all the answers

Which process requires the use of ATP by a cell?

Endocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What defines a contractile vacuole in cellular biology?

Used to expel excess water from cells Signup and view all the answers

Which group do human pathogens generally belong to?

Mesophiles Signup and view all the answers

What type of microorganism thrives in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions?

Facultative anaerobe Signup and view all the answers

Which organism cannot survive in an oxygen environment?

Obligate anaerobe Signup and view all the answers

Which media type is suitable for demonstrating the oxygen requirements of microbes?

Thioglycollate Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following enzymes converts the toxic superoxide ion into harmless oxygen?

Superoxide dismutase Signup and view all the answers

What type of relationship do E. coli bacteria have with humans as they produce vitamin K?

Mutualistic Signup and view all the answers

What type of microorganism requires a small amount of oxygen but cannot grow in normal atmospheric levels?

Microaerophile Signup and view all the answers

In what type of environment would a halophile grow best?

Salt lakes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary structure involved in nutrient absorption in bacterial cells?

Cell membrane Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors limits facilitated diffusion?

Carrier proteins in the membrane Signup and view all the answers

When cells engulf whole cells or large molecules, this process is specifically known as:

Phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What type of transport is utilized for polar molecules and ions across the plasma membrane?

Protein carrier Signup and view all the answers

In which conditions does the cell wall help prevent the cell from bursting?

Hypotonic Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a bacterial species with optimal growth at refrigeration temperatures?

Psychrophile Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microorganism thrives at temperatures between 45°C and 60°C?

Thermophile Signup and view all the answers

An organism with an optimum growth temperature of 37°C that survives short high temperature exposures is called:

Thermoduric Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for the period of growth between inoculation and the initiation of maximum bacterial growth?

Lag phase Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of bacterial growth is characterized by cells not being metabolically active?

Exponential growth phase Signup and view all the answers

During which phase does the most rapid increase in bacterial population occur?

Exponential growth phase Signup and view all the answers

When are antimicrobial agents most effective in combating bacterial infections?

Exponential growth phase Signup and view all the answers

Which stages of bacterial growth indicate that an infected patient is most likely to spread the infection to others?

Exponential growth phase and stationary growth phase Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal factor governing the time for visible colonies to develop in an agar culture?

Generation time of the species Signup and view all the answers

In a closed culture system, what phenomenon is typically measured to analyze population growth?

Population growth curve Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about binary fission is accurate?

It results in two genetically identical daughter cells. Signup and view all the answers

What does an increase in turbidity generally indicate in a microbial culture?

Increased cell growth Signup and view all the answers

What is a likely outcome of using an intravenous osmotic diuretic during surgery?

Decreased pressure in the cranial cavity Signup and view all the answers

Which effect indicates therapeutic effectiveness of an osmotic diuretic in a patient post-surgery?

Withdrawal to painful stimuli Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes bacterial biofilms from planktonic bacteria in their interaction with the immune system?

Biofilms stimulate the immune system differently. Signup and view all the answers

What limitation exists for direct cell counting using a cytometer?

It cannot differentiate between viable and non-viable cells. Signup and view all the answers

Ecology and Biology Basics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which organisms live on or in the body of a host and cause some degree of harm?

What does the term obligate refer to in an ecological context?

Which process describes the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration?

What is the process called when water diffuses through a semi-permeable membrane?

What is required for the active transport of substances across a membrane?

What will happen to bacteria living in a freshwater stream when moved to salty seawater?

Which process requires the use of ATP by a cell?

What defines a contractile vacuole in cellular biology?

Which group do human pathogens generally belong to?

What type of microorganism thrives in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions?

Which organism cannot survive in an oxygen environment?

Which media type is suitable for demonstrating the oxygen requirements of microbes?

Which of the following enzymes converts the toxic superoxide ion into harmless oxygen?

What type of relationship do E. coli bacteria have with humans as they produce vitamin K?

What type of microorganism requires a small amount of oxygen but cannot grow in normal atmospheric levels?

In what type of environment would a halophile grow best?

What is the primary structure involved in nutrient absorption in bacterial cells?

Which of the following factors limits facilitated diffusion?

When cells engulf whole cells or large molecules, this process is specifically known as:

What type of transport is utilized for polar molecules and ions across the plasma membrane?

In which conditions does the cell wall help prevent the cell from bursting?

What term describes a bacterial species with optimal growth at refrigeration temperatures?

Which type of microorganism thrives at temperatures between 45°C and 60°C?

An organism with an optimum growth temperature of 37°C that survives short high temperature exposures is called:

What is the term used for the period of growth between inoculation and the initiation of maximum bacterial growth?

Which phase of bacterial growth is characterized by cells not being metabolically active?

During which phase does the most rapid increase in bacterial population occur?

When are antimicrobial agents most effective in combating bacterial infections?

Which stages of bacterial growth indicate that an infected patient is most likely to spread the infection to others?

What is the principal factor governing the time for visible colonies to develop in an agar culture?

In a closed culture system, what phenomenon is typically measured to analyze population growth?

Which of the following statements about binary fission is accurate?

What does an increase in turbidity generally indicate in a microbial culture?

What is a likely outcome of using an intravenous osmotic diuretic during surgery?

Which effect indicates therapeutic effectiveness of an osmotic diuretic in a patient post-surgery?

What distinguishes bacterial biofilms from planktonic bacteria in their interaction with the immune system?

What limitation exists for direct cell counting using a cytometer?

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