30 Questions
What is the primary function of an Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP)?
Provide mechanical support to the heart during diastole
When is the Berlin Heart EXCOR VAD typically used?
In small children with heart failure
What distinguishes the Berlin Heart EXCOR VAD from the HeartWare ventricular assist device?
Size, with the Berlin Heart being larger
In which phase of the cardiac cycle does the balloon pump inflate?
Diastole
What is one of the indications for using an Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP)?
Structurally normal heart with acute myocarditis
Which type of patients are suitable candidates for the Berlin Heart EXCOR VAD?
Small children with heart failure
What is the main objective of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) therapy?
To decrease intrapulmonary shunt
What is the main challenge in the management of some newborns with hypoxic respiratory failure?
Progressive respiratory and metabolic acidosis
Which factor contributes to optimal oxygenation by matching ventilation and perfusion?
Adequate ventilation with perfusion
Which of the following is NOT a commonly occurring disease associated with hypoxic respiratory failure in neonates?
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
What is the currently approved use of inhaled nitric oxide (iNO)?
Neonates over 34 weeks with PPHN
What occurs when there is intrapulmonary shunting without V/Q matching?
Hypoxemia persists
What is one of the factors mentioned that can lead to high vascular tone in neonatal hypoxic respiratory failure?
Structural disease
What is a common characteristic of hypoxemia and systemic hypotension in neonates with hypoxic respiratory failure?
Pulmonary edema
Which image courtesy is mentioned in the text regarding hypoxic respiratory failure?
John P. Kinsella, MD
Which condition reflects a relative deficiency of oxygen in arterial blood often associated with insufficient ventilation?
Hypoxic respiratory failure
In neonatal hypoxic respiratory failure, what does poor ventilation despite adequate perfusion lead to?
Hypoxemia
What is a potential alternative to inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) therapy?
Surfactant administration
What is the half-life of Nitric Oxide?
A few minutes
Which gas is the carrier gas in Nitric Oxide?
Nitrogen
Where is Nitric Oxide predominantly present in the atmosphere?
100 ppb
What is the predominant metabolite of Nitric Oxide?
Nitrate
What is the main property of Nitric Oxide that leads to its selective activity in vasodilation?
Rapid onset of action
Why is Nitrate rapidly cleared by the kidneys?
Rapid clearance of inhaled Nitric Oxide
What is the role of INOMAX in the treatment of neonatal hypoxic respiratory failure?
Vasodilator for neonates with pulmonary hypertension
Why should INOMAX not be used in neonates with right-to-left shunting of blood?
It may worsen the shunting of blood to the systemic circulation
What does low lung volume ventilation contribute to?
Volutrauma
What is a consequence of high lung volume ventilation?
Increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)
Which neonates are indicated for INOMAX treatment?
Term and late pre-term neonates with hypoxic respiratory failure
What is the primary function of INOMAX in treating neonatal hypoxic respiratory failure?
Improve oxygenation and reduce the need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
Learn about Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) treatment, Lexxie's story, Avalon cannula, and balloon pump usage during diastole.
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