Echinoderms and Arthropods Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which characteristic describes the body plan of echinoderms?

Bilateral symmetry

Asymmetrical

Radial symmetry (correct)

Cephalization present

What is the primary function of the water vascular system in sea stars?

Respiration

Reproduction

Feeding

Movement (correct)

Which of the following echinoderms are known to have feathery arms for feeding?

Sea lilies (correct)

Brittle stars

Sea urchins

Sea cucumbers

What type of feeders are most brittle stars categorized as?

Filter feeders or detritus feeders Signup and view all the answers

What unique feature do sea cucumbers have compared to other echinoderms?

Feeding tentacles Signup and view all the answers

Which class of echinoderms does not possess arms?

Sea urchins Signup and view all the answers

What structure is the starting point of the water vascular system in sea stars?

Madreporite Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following invertebrate systems is responsible for movement and support in organisms?

Skeletal system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements correctly describes characteristics of centipedes?

They consist of many segments and are carnivorous. Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes millipedes from centipedes?

Millipedes are primarily herbivorous with two pairs of legs per segment. Signup and view all the answers

In which subphylum do you find organisms that have three pairs of legs and could undergo metamorphosis?

Subphylum Uniramia Signup and view all the answers

How does the respiratory system of grasshoppers function?

Oxygen enters through spiracles and diffuses into tracheal tubes. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of symbiotic relationship is demonstrated when ants protect aphids in exchange for food?

Mutualism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following phyla includes creatures known as sponges?

Phylum Porifera Signup and view all the answers

Which feature is characteristic of all members of the Kingdom Animalia?

Eukaryotic cells Signup and view all the answers

What type of symmetry is characterized by having no plane of symmetry?

Asymmetry Signup and view all the answers

In which evolutionary development does the blastopore become the mouth?

Protostomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to the body plan that includes a fluid-filled body cavity containing internal organs?

Coelom Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes bilateral symmetry?

Single plane of symmetry Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct order of the stages in the evolution of a body cavity?

Acoelom → Pseudocoelom → Coelom Signup and view all the answers

Cephalization refers to an evolutionary trend where...

nerves and sensory organs are concentrated in the anterior region Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is unique to tapeworms in comparison to other worms?

Body composed of repeating sections called proglottids Signup and view all the answers

How does Trichinella infection occur?

By consuming raw pork Signup and view all the answers

What defines the nematode digestive system?

Two openings – mouth and anus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a segmented worm?

Earthworm Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary feature of class Polychaeta within the Annelida phylum?

Fleshy appendages on each segment Signup and view all the answers

What is an important trait of roundworms in terms of body structure?

Pseudocoelom body cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is the method of transmission for the eye worm?

Via insect bites Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding the circulatory system of segmented worms?

They possess a closed circulatory system Signup and view all the answers

What structure in mollusks is responsible for their primary movement?

Foot Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT associated with the Class Cephalopoda?

Hinged two-part shell Signup and view all the answers

Which type of excretion system is found in earthworms?

Nephridia Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the body symmetry of arthropods?

Bilateral Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique characteristic of leeches in the Class Hirudinea?

They lack appendages Signup and view all the answers

Which class of mollusks includes species like clams and oysters?

Bivalvia Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mantle in mollusks?

Shell formation Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is typical for the subphylum Chelicerata?

Mouth parts known as chelicerae Signup and view all the answers

What type of circulatory system do arthropods have?

Open circulatory system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups are considered mollusks?

Snails and octopuses Signup and view all the answers

What defines a pseudocoelom?

A body cavity partially lined by mesoderm Signup and view all the answers

Which organism is an example of a coelomate?

Annelid Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of Phylum Porifera?

Absence of germ layers Signup and view all the answers

Which type of body symmetry is found in Cnidarians?

Radial symmetry Signup and view all the answers

What form does a medusa take in Cnidarians?

Bell-shaped free-swimming form Signup and view all the answers

Which class of flatworms is known for being free-living and carnivorous?

Class Turbellaria Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of Class Trematoda?

Parasitic with complex life cycles Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a characteristic of flatworms?

Presence of a coelom Signup and view all the answers

What function do nematocysts serve in cnidarians?

Defense and prey immobilization Signup and view all the answers

Which term accurately describes the body structure of a sponge?

Asymmetric and lacking body symmetry Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Invertebrates

Kingdom Animalia includes invertebrates and vertebrates
Invertebrates lack a backbone
Invertebrates are a diverse group of animals, including sponges (Porifera), cnidarians (Cnidaria), flatworms (Platyhelminthes), roundworms (Nematoda), segmented worms (Annelida), mollusks (Mollusca), arthropods (Arthropoda), and echinoderms (Echinodermata)
All animals (including invertebrates) are eukaryotes, multicellular, and heterotrophs
They lack cell walls

Invertebrate Phyla

There are 8 invertebrate phyla:
- Phylum Porifera (sponges)
- Phylum Cnidaria (cnidarians)
- Phylum Platyhelminthes (flatworms)
- Phylum Nematoda (roundworms)
- Phylum Annelida (segmented worms)
- Phylum Mollusca (mollusks)
- Phylum Arthropoda (arthropods)
- Phylum Echinodermata (echinoderms)

Trends in Animal Evolution

Cell Specialization: different organs and tissues with a specialized function
Early Development: Protostomes and Deuterostomes; protostomes mouth forms first, in deuterostomes, the anus forms first
Body Symmetry: asymmetry (no symmetry), radial symmetry (multiple planes of symmetry), or bilateral symmetry (one plane of symmetry)
Cephalization: concentration of nerve and sensory organs in the head
Body Cavity (coelom): acoelomates (no body cavity), pseudocoelomates (partially lined body cavity), and coelomates (completely lined body cavity).

Phylum Porifera (Sponges)

Latin "poros" meaning passage
Filter feeders using collar cells
Endoskeleton made of spongin and/or spicules of calcium carbonate or silica, amoeboid cells help digest food
Body plan is asymmetric, no germ layers, no body cavity, no cephalization

Phylum Cnidaria (Cnidarians)

Latin "cnidaria" meaning nettles, mostly carnivores
Tentacles bear stinging nematocysts, alternate between polyp and medusa body forms, have a gastrovascular cavity (GVC), and have a hydrostatic skeleton
Body plan has two germ layers and radial symmetry and no cephalization

Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)

Latin "platy" = flat, "helminth" = worm
Unsegmented
Free-living or parasitic
Hydrostatic skeleton
Three germ layers, acoelomate, bilateral symmetry, cephalization is present

Phylum Nematoda (Roundworms)

Latin "nemato" = thread
Unsegmented
Digestive system has two openings (a mouth and an anus)
Hydrostatic skeleton
Free-living or parasitic
Three germ layers, pseudocoelomate, and bilateral symmetry, cephalization is present

Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)

Latin "annellus" = little ring, body composed of segments separated by internal partitions
Digestive system with two openings
Closed circulatory system
Respiration by diffusion across skin
Hydrostatic skeleton
Three germ layers, coelomates, and bilateral symmetry, cephalization is present

Phylum Mollusca (Mollusks)

Latin "molluscus" = soft
Four body parts:
- Foot
- Shell (endo- or exoskeleton)
- Mantle
- Visceral mass
Digestive system with two openings
Three germ layers, coelomate, and bilateral symmetry, cephalization is present

Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods)

Latin "arthro" = jointed, "poda" = foot
Exoskeleton of chitin
Jointed appendages
Segmented body
Many undergo metamorphosis during development
Open circulatory system
Three germ layers, coelomate, and bilateral symmetry, cephalization is present

Phylum Echinodermata (Echinoderms)

Latin "echino" = spiny, "dermata" = skin
Deuterostomes
Water vascular system
Respiration across skin, gills
Endoskeleton
Three germ layers, coelomate, radial symmetry, no cephalization is present

Invertebrate Systems

Six major invertebrate systems:
- Skeletal system
- Digestive system
- Circulatory system
- Respiratory system
- Excretory system
- Nervous system

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Description

Test your knowledge on the fascinating characteristics of echinoderms and arthropods. This quiz covers various aspects, including the unique features of sea stars, brittle stars, and the respiratory systems of grasshoppers. Challenge yourself with questions that delve into ecology and anatomy of these invertebrates.