Echinodermata Characteristics Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are characteristics of Echinodermata? (Select all that apply)

  • Deuterostomes (correct)
  • Five-part body plan (correct)
  • Radially symmetrical adult bodies (correct)
  • Exclusively terrestrial

    • What are ossicles?

    Calcareous plates that make up an Echinoderm's internal skeleton.

    Who is in phylum Echinodermata?

    Sea stars, sea urchins, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers.

    What are the characteristics of Protostomes?

    <p>Cleavage is spiral and determinate; blastopore becomes mouth; coelom forms by a splitting of the mesoderm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristics of Deuterostomes?

    <p>Cleavage is radial and indeterminate; blastopore becomes the anus; coelom forms by an outpocketing of primitive gut.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many species of Echinoderms are there?

    <p>6000 species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the word Echinoderm mean?

    <p>Echino=spiny, derm=skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the five classes of Echinoderms primarily distinguished?

    <p>By the arrangement of their ossicles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are dermal gills?

    <p>Small finger-like projections of skin that aid in respiration and excretion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are pedicellariae?

    <p>Numerous tiny pincers that help keep the body surface of sea stars and some sea urchins clean.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the madreporite?

    <p>An opening used to filter water into the water vascular system of echinoderms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ambulacral groove?

    <p>A channel along the oral surface of echinoderms through which the tube feet protrude.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ambulacral ridge?

    <p>Located at the apex of the ambulacral groove, the radial canal lies along the ridge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What organisms are in class Asteroidea?

    <p>Sea stars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the external anatomy of a sea star on the oral and aboral surface?

    <p>Digestive gland, gonad, radial canal, madreporite, ambulacral ridge, stomach.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the arrangement of the ossicles in class Asteroidea?

    <p>Loosely arranged under the skin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the characteristics of spines in class Asteroidea?

    <p>Small and blunt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can you see in the oral view of a sea star?

    <p>Tube foot, arm, spines, mouth, and ambulacral groove.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can you see in the aboral view of a sea star?

    <p>Arms, anus, spines, central disk, madreporite.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of symmetry does the bipinnaria larval stage of a starfish demonstrate?

    <p>Bilaterally symmetrical.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is in class Ophiuroidea?

    <p>Brittle stars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is in class Crinoidea?

    <p>Sea lilies and feather stars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the defining characteristics of class Ophiuroidea?

    <p>Slender arms, thick ossicles, closed ambulacral grooves, and rapid crawling movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the defining characteristics of class Crinoidea?

    <p>Oral surface faces upward, well-developed ossicles, and feathery arms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Do the ossicles in brittle stars overlap?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Are the tube feet visible in the Ophioderma?

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the position of the mouth and anus of a crinoid relate to a primitive sessile existence?

    <p>The upward mouth retained from their original upward orientation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is in class Echinoidea?

    <p>Sea urchins and sand dollars.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the defining characteristics of sea urchins?

    <p>Lack distinct arms, ossicles fused into test, tube feet control locomotion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a test?

    <p>Ossicles fused into a solid shell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Characteristics of Echinodermata

    • Deuterostomes characterized by radial symmetry in adults.
    • Have calcareous ossicles, forming part of their internal skeleton.
    • Exhibit a five-part body plan and a unique water vascular system.
    • Possess tube feet used for locomotion and feeding.
    • Capable of regeneration and primarily marine dwellers.
    • Approximately 6000 species are classified under this phylum.

    Definitions and Key Terms

    • Ossicles: Calcareous plates making up the internal skeleton of echinoderms.
    • Echinoderm: Derived from Greek; "echino" means spiny and "derm" means skin.
    • Madreporite: A crucial opening that filters water into the echinoderm's water vascular system.
    • Ambulacral groove: A channel along the oral surface where tube feet extend.
    • Pedicellariae: Tiny pincers on sea stars and some sea urchins that maintain body cleanliness.
    • Dermal gills: Projections aiding in respiration and excretion through diffusion.

    Classes within Echinodermata

    • Asteroidea (Sea Stars): Characterized by a loosely arranged ossicle structure under the skin, small blunt spines, and visible tube feet on the oral surface. The aboral view features arms, anus, and madreporite.
    • Ophiuroidea (Brittle Stars): Defined by slender arms distinct from the central disk, thick ossicles, and rapid crawling movement. They mainly feed on suspended food particles.
    • Crinoidea (Sea Lilies and Feather Stars): Oldest class with upward-facing oral surface, well-developed ossicles, and feathery arms for filter feeding.
    • Echinoidea (Sea Urchins and Sand Dollars): Lack distinct arms, possessing a solid test of fused ossicles with movable spines and tube feet for locomotion.

    Unique Features

    • The bipinnaria larval stage of starfish exhibits bilateral symmetry, a contrasting characteristic to adult forms.
    • The oral position of crinoids retains a primitive upward orientation indicating a sessile existence, enhancing filter feeding capacity.
    • Ossicles in brittle stars are not overlapping, differing from other classes.

    Echinoderm Anatomy

    • Understanding sea star anatomy includes recognizing structures such as the digestive gland, gonad, radial canal, madreporite, and stomach.
    • Tube feet and ambulacral grooves are essential for movement and feeding in echinoderms, facilitating interaction with their environment.

    Evolutionary Significance

    • The evolutionary significance of the water vascular system and regenerative capabilities in echinoderms reflects their adaptation to marine ecosystems and interactions.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the unique characteristics of phylum Echinodermata, including their body structure and specific examples. Through this quiz, you'll learn about the fascinating features of sea stars, sea urchins, and more.

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